ka-
English
    
    
Derived terms
    
Bikol Central
    
    
Prefix
    
ka-
Derived terms
    
Cebuano
    
    
Prefix
    
ka-
Etymology 2
    
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Prefix
    
ka-
Derived terms
    
Javanese
    
    
Kangean
    
    Pronunciation
    
- IPA(key): /ka/
Minangkabau
    
    Prefix
    
ka-
- Used to form ordinal numbers
Mohawk
    
    
Alternative forms
    
	| - | Initial consonant | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Environment | t/s/h/k | n/r/w/’ | a | e/en | o/on | i | y | 
| Word-Initial | ka- | ka- | w- | w- | i- | ken- | ka- | 
Prefix
    
ka-
- noun prefix
References
    
- Gunther Michelson (1973) A thousand words of Mohawk, University of Ottawa Press, page 9
- Nora Deering, Helga H. Delisle (1976) Mohawk: A teaching grammar (preliminary version), Quebec: Manitou College, page 173
Mokilese
    
    Pronunciation
    
- IPA(key): /ˈka-/
Prefix
    
ka-
- Used to form causative verbs
Usage notes
    
This prefix sometimes takes the forms koa-, ke- and ko-.
Prefix
    
ka-
- Used to form ordinal numbers
Northern Ndebele
    
    Etymology
    
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Old Javanese
    
    Etymology
    
Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ka-.
Pronunciation
    
- IPA(key): /ka/
Prefix
    
ka-
- passive verb-forming prefix
Derived terms
    
Phuthi
    
    Etymology
    
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Derived terms
    
Southern Ndebele
    
    Etymology
    
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Swahili
    
    Pronunciation
    
- Audio (Kenya) - (file) 
Prefix
    
ka-
See also
    
| Swahili TAM markers | |
|---|---|
| Initial | |
| Positive infinitive | ku-/kw-1 | 
| Negative infinitive | kuto- | 
| Habitual | hu-1 | 
| Telegrammic | ka-1 | 
| Final | |
| General (positive indicative) | -a | 
| Positive subjunctive | -e | 
| Negative present | -i | 
| Second person plural | -ni | 
| Infix position positive subject concord | |
| Positive past | -li- | 
| Positive present | -na- | 
| Positive future | -ta- | 
| Negative subjunctive | -si-1 | 
| Positive present conditional | -nge- | 
| Negative present conditional | -singe- | 
| Positive past conditional | -ngali- | 
| Negative past conditional | -singali- | 
| Gnomic | -a-1 | 
| Perfect | -me- | 
| "Already" past | -lisha- | 
| "Already" present | -mesha-/-sha- | 
| "If/When" | -ki-1 | 
| "If not" | -sipo- | 
| Consecutive | -ka-1 | 
| Infix position negative subject concord | |
| Negative past | -ku-1 | 
| Negative future | -ta- | 
| "Not yet" | -ja-1 | 
| Negative present conditional | -nge- | 
| Negative past conditional | -ngali- | 
| Relative | |
| Past | -li- | 
| Present | -na- | 
| Future | -taka- | 
| Negative | -si- | 
| 1 Can take stress and therefore does not require -ku-/-kw- in monosyllabic verbs. | |
Etymology 2
    
Ultimately from Proto-Bantu *kà-.
Prefix
    
ka-
- (colloquial or dialect, nonstandard) noun class 12 prefix, used with a diminutive or depreciative meaning
Swazi
    
    Etymology 1
    
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Derived terms
    
Etymology 2
    
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Tagalog
    
    Etymology
    
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Prefix
    
ka- (Baybayin spelling ᜃ)
- implies companionship or partnership when prefixed to a root
- implies similarity or interaction when prefixed to a root noun
- implies repeated action when prefixed to a root that repeats the first syllable
- implies causing or producing something in an extreme degree when prefixed to a root that repeats the first two syllables
- ka- + galang (“respect”) → kagalang-galang (“inspiring great respect”)
- ka- + paniwala (“belief”) → kapani-paniwala (“very plausible”)
 
- implies recent action when prefixed to a root that repeats the first syllable and followed by lang or lamang
Derived terms
    
See also
    
Tooro
    
    
Etymology
    
From Proto-Bantu *ká-.
Pronunciation
    
- IPA(key): /ka-/
Prefix
    
ka-
See also
    
| Class | Person | Independent | Possessive | Subject concord | Object concord | Combined forms | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| na | ni | ||||||
| Class 1 | First | nyowe, nye | -ange | n- | -n- | nanyowe, nanye | ninyowe, ninye | 
| Second | iwe | -awe | o- | -ku- | naiwe | niiwe | |
| Third | uwe | -e | a- | -mu- | nawe | nuwe | |
| Class 2 | First | itwe | -aitu | tu- | -tu- | naitwe | niitwe | 
| Second | inywe | -anyu | mu- | -ba- | nainywe | niinywe | |
| Third | abo | -abo | ba- | -ba- | nabo | nubo | |
| Class 3 | gwo | -agwo | gu- | -gu- | nagwo | nugwo | |
| Class 4 | yo | -ayo | e- | -gi- | nayo | niyo | |
| Class 5 | lyo | -alyo | li- | -li- | nalyo | niryo | |
| Class 6 | go | -ago | ga- | -ga- | nago | nugo | |
| Class 7 | kyo | -akyo | ki- | -ki- | nakyo | nikyo | |
| Class 8 | byo | -abyo | bi- | -bi- | nabyo | nibyo | |
| Class 9 | yo | -ayo | e- | -gi- | nayo | niyo | |
| Class 10 | zo | -azo | zi- | -zi- | nazo | nizo | |
| Class 11 | rwo | -arwo | ru- | -ru- | narwo | nurwo | |
| Class 12 | ko | -ako | ka- | -ka- | nako | nuko | |
| Class 13 | two | -atwo | tu- | -tu- | natwo | nutwo | |
| Class 14 | bwo | -abwo | bu- | -bu- | nabwo | nubwo | |
| Class 15 | kwo | -akwo | ku- | -ku- | nakwo | nukwo | |
| Class 16 | ho | -aho | ha- | -ha- | naho | nuho | |
| Class 17 | (kwo) | N/A | ha- (...-yo) | -ha- | N/A | nukwo | |
| Class 18 | (mwo) | -amwo | ha- (...-mu) | -ha- | N/A | numwo | |
| Reflexive | -enyini, -onyini | — | -e- | — | |||
Xhosa
    
    Etymology 1
    
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Derived terms
    
Etymology 2
    
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Zulu
    
    Etymology 1
    
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Derived terms
    
Etymology 2
    
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Etymology 3
    
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
References
    
- C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “ka-”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “ka-”