Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/keleŕ

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Etymology

In light of Cypriot Turkish kelte and Chuvash калта (kalt̬a), some suggest a *kel- root, however considering attestation and morphology, this is unlikely, Nishanyan suggests a borrowing from Persian (kalte, “lame”), compare also Kazakh келтә (keltä, “short”) from Persian.

Noun

*keleŕ

(Common Turkic) lizard

Declension

Declension of *keleŕ

	Singular ³⁾
Nominative	*keleŕ
Accusative	keleŕni, keleŕig ⁴⁾, *keleŕnig ¹⁾
Genitive	*keleŕniŋ
Dative	*keleŕke
Locative	*keleŕte
Ablative	*keleŕten
Allative	*keleŕgerü
Instrumental ²⁾	*keleŕin
Equative ²⁾	*keleŕče
Similative ²⁾	*keleŕleyü
Comitative ²⁾	*keleŕligü

¹⁾ Possibly in Pre-Proto-Turkic.
²⁾ The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
³⁾ Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.
⁴⁾ Found in the Old Turkic era.

Derived terms

Proto-Turkic: *keleŕ (“lizard”)

Oghuz:
- West Oghuz:
  - Azerbaijani: kələz
  - Turkish: kelez (dial.)
Kipchak:
- Mamluk-Kipchak: كلاز (käläz)
- Kazakh: келес (keles)
Karluk:
- Chagatai: كلاس (keles)

Proto-Turkic: *keleŕ-ge

Kipchak:
- Southern Altai: келески (keleski)
Siberian:
- Khakas: килеске (kileske)
- Tuvan: хелеске (xeleske)
- Shor: келескен (kelesken)

Proto-Turkic: *keler (“lizard”) (rhotasicm)

- Oghuz:
  - West Oghuz:
    - Turkish: keler
- Karluk:
  - Uyghur: [script needed] (kilär)

Animals in Turkic
Dog	dog: *ït	Hunting Dog	hunting dog: *eker	Hen	hen: *tiakïgu
Lark	lark: *torgay	Pigeon	dove, pigeon: *kȫkerčin	Quail	quail: *bïldurčïn
Sparrow	sparrow: *serče	Hawk	hawk, falcon: *kïrguy	Goose	goose: *kāŕ
Wolf	wolf: *bȫrü	Cow	cow: *ingek	Calf	calf: *buŕagu
Camel	camel: *tebe	Young Camel	young of camel: kȫĺek, botu	Horse	horse: *at
Foal	foal: *kulun	Worm	worm: *kūrt	Snake	snake: *yï̄lan
Fox	fox: *tilkü	goat	goat: *keči	He-goat	he-goat: *teke
Lion	lion: *arsïlan	Fish	fish: *bālïk	Abramis brama	carp bream: *čapak
Donkey	donkey: *eĺčgek	Carp	carp: *siāŕgan	Catfish	catfish: *yāyïn
Beaver	beaver: *kunduŕ	Hedgehog	hedgehog: *kirpi	Badger	badger: *borsmuk
Fly	fly, mosquito: *siŋek	Bee	wasp, bee: *ārï	Gadlfy	gadfly: *bȫgen
Moth	moth: *küńe	Louse	louse: *bït	Earthworm	earthworm: *sïbuĺgan
Yak	yak: *kotuz	Colt	colt: *sïp	Dragon	dragon: *siāŕgan
Worm	worm: *kūrt	Deer	deer: keyik, sïgun, bulan, bugu	Lizard	lizard: *keleŕ

References

Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*keler / *keleŕ / *kelte”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8)‎, Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
Tenišev E. R., editor (1984–2006), Sravnitelʹno-istoričeskaja grammatika tjurkskix jazykov: [Comparative Historical Grammar of Turkic Languages:] (in Russian), Moscow: Nauka, pages 180-181
Levitskaja, L. S., Dybo, A. V., Rassadin, V. I. (1997) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ tjurkskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Turkic Languages] (in Russian), volume 5, Moscow: Jazyki russkoj kulʹtury, pages 30-32, 34
Räsänen, Martti (1969) Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura, page 250
“kelez, kelte”, in Türkiye'de halk ağzından derleme sözlüğü [Compilation Dictionary of Popular Speech in Turkey] (in Turkish), volume 8, Ankara: Türk Dil Kurumu, 1975

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