< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/pṓds

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

From earlier *póds, from *ped- (“to walk, to step”) +‎ *-s (root nominal suffix).

Noun

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2=*ped-
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*pṓds m

  1. foot

Inflection
Athematic, acrostatic
singular
nominative *pṓds
genitive *pedés
singular dual plural
nominative *pṓds *pódh₁(e) *pódes
vocative *pód *pódh₁(e) *pódes
accusative *pódm̥ *pódh₁(e) *pódm̥s
genitive *pedés *? *pedóHom
ablative *pedés *? *pedmós
dative *pedéy *? *pedmós
locative *péd, *pédi *? *pedsú
instrumental *pedéh₁ *? *pedmís

The categorisation as acrostatic is based on the assumption that earlier oblique forms were in root-accented *péd-.[1]

Descendants
  • Proto-Albanian: *pāsi (from locative plural *pḗdsu)[2]
  • Anatolian:
  • Armenian:
    • Old Armenian: ոտն (otn) (from accusative singular *pódm̥)
  • Proto-Celtic: *ɸād-
    • Galatian: αδες (ades) (nom. pl.)
  • Proto-Celtic: *ɸīssu (from locative plural *pḗdsu)
  • Proto-Celtic: *ɸodyā
    • Celtiberian: ozas (acc. pl.)
  • Proto-Germanic: *fōts (see there for further descendants)
  • Hellenic:
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *pā́ts (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Italic: *pets
    • Latin: pēs (see there for further descendants)
    • Umbrian: 𐌐𐌄𐌛𐌄 (peře)[3] (abl. sg.)
  • Phrygian: ποδας (podas, acc.pl.)
  • Proto-Tocharian: *pei (from dual *pódh₁e)

References
  1. Ringe, Donald (2006) From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1)‎, Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 45
  2. Matzinger, Joachim (2017–2018) “Chapter XV: Albanian”, in Klein, Jared S., Joseph, Brian D., Fritz, Matthias, editors, Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics: An International Handbook (Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft [Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science]; 41.2), Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter Mouton, →ISBN, § The lexicon of Albanian, page 1791
  3. Buck, Carl (1904) A grammar of Oscan and Umbrian, Ginn & Co, page 19
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