zamknout

Czech

Etymology

Inherited from Old Czech zamknúti. Prefix za- + the base mknout[1][2] (compare also odemknout, semknout, přimknout, vymknout), which comes from Proto-Slavic *mъknǫti (“to rush, move quickly”) (compare Polish mknąć (“scamper, rush”), which is from Proto-Indo-European *(s)mewk- (“to make a quick movement, to slide”)[3]

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [ˈzamknou̯t]
  • Audio(file)

Verb

zamknout pf (imperfective zamykat)

  1. to lock (to fasten with lock)
    Antonym: odemknout

Conjugation
Conjugation
Infinitive zamknout, zamknouti Active adjective zamknuvší
Verbal noun — Passive adjective —
Present formsindicativeimperative
singularpluralsingularplural
1st person zamknuzamkneme—zamkněme
2nd person zamknešzamknetezamknizamkněte
3rd person zamknezamknou——
The verb zamknout does not have present tense and the present forms are used to express future only.
ParticiplesPast participlesPassive participles
singularpluralsingularplural
masculine animate zamkl, zamknulzamkli, zamknulizamčen, zamknutzamčeni, zamknuti
masculine inanimate zamkly, zamknulyzamčeny, zamknuty
feminine zamkla, zamknulazamčena, zamknuta
neuter zamklo, zamknulozamkla, zamknulazamčeno, zamknutozamčena, zamknuta
Transgressives present past
masculine singular —zamknuv
feminine + neuter singular —zamknuvši
plural —zamknuvše

References
  1. Rejzek, Jiří (2015) “zámek1”, in Český etymologický slovník [Czech Etymological Dictionary] (in Czech), 3rd (revised and expanded) edition, Praha: LEDA, →ISBN, page 801
  2. Rejzek, Jiří (2015) “-mknout”, in Český etymologický slovník [Czech Etymological Dictionary] (in Czech), 3rd (revised and expanded) edition, Praha: LEDA, →ISBN, page 421
  3. Rejzek, Jiří (2015) “mykat”, in Český etymologický slovník [Czech Etymological Dictionary] (in Czech), 3rd (revised and expanded) edition, Praha: LEDA, →ISBN, page 438

Further reading
  • zamknouti in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
  • zamknouti in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989
  • zamknout in Internetová jazyková příručka
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