< Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic

Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/hulis

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

Unknown; possibly from Proto-Indo-European *kelh₂- (“to sting, prick”),[1][2] or perhaps borrowed from some substrate language.[3] Compare Old English holen (“holly”), Old Norse hulfr (“holly”), Proto-Celtic *kolinos (“holly tree”) (whence Old Irish cuilenn, Welsh celyn).

Noun

*hulis m

  1. holly

Inflection
Masculine a-stem
Singular
Nominative *hulis
Genitive *hulisas
Singular Plural
Nominative *hulis *hulisō, *hulisōs
Accusative *hulis *hulisā
Genitive *hulisas *hulisō
Dative *hulisē *hulisum
Instrumental *hulisu *hulisum

Descendants
  • ⇒ Old English: (unknown stem variant) holen, holeġn, holiġn, holiġ
    • Middle English: holyn, holin, holy, holly
    • Middle English: holme, holm
  • Old Saxon: hulis
  • Old Dutch: *hulis
  • Old High German: hulis, huls, hulisa, huliso
    • Middle High German: huls
      • German: Hülse f, Hulst, Holst, Hülsen, Hulse, Hulsenbaum, Hulsenstrauch, Hülst, Holch, Hulsch, Hülsenstrauch, Hülsenbaum, Hülsekraut, Hubze
  • → Old French: hous, hus, huche, houche, huse, houce, houlx
    • Middle French: hous, houx, houlx
    • Norman: housse (Jèrriais)
    • Picard: hoûx (Athois), oûch
    • Walloon: hoû (Charleroi), hoûssê (Forrières), hoûs

References
  1. Pokorny, Julius (1959) “2. kel-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 545
  2. Mallory, J. P., Adams, D. Q. (2006) The Oxford introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European world, Oxford University Press, page 376
  3. Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*hulisa-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 253
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