Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/-g

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

preceding vowel
A / Ï	E / I	O / U	Ö / Ü
*-ïg	*-ig	*-ug	*-üg

Etymology

Akin to Proto-Mongolic *-g. (Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?)

Suffix

*-g

Suffix creating noun from a verb.

Related terms

*kam-ug (“all, together”)
*agrï-g (“pain, ache”)
*iāčï-g (“bitter, acid”)
*yïlï-g (“warm”)
*köpür-üg (“bridge”)
*tạrï-g (“millet”)
*biti-g (“inscription, scripture”)
*kičü-g (“small, little”)
*ïsï-g (“hot, warm”)
*siarï-g (“yellow, white”)
*ul-ug (“big, great”)
*ur-ug (“seed”)
*sǖči-g (“sweet”) (perhaps)

Derived terms

Proto-Turkic terms suffixed with *-g

Descendants

Oghur:
- Volga Bulgar: -و
  - Chuvash: -ӑ (-ă), -ӗ (-ĕ)
Common Turkic:

Oghuz:
- Old Anatolian Turkish:
  - Azerbaijani: -i, -ı, -ü, -u, -∅
  - Ottoman Turkish:
    - Turkish: -i, -ı, -ü, -u, -∅
- Salar: -i, -ı, -ü, -u, -∅
- Turkmen: -i, -ı, -∅
Karluk:
- Chagatai: [script needed] (-k)
  - Uyghur: -k
  - Uzbek: -k, -ik
Kipchak:
- East Kipchak
  - Southern Altai: -у (-u), -ӱ (-ü)

References

Erdal, Marcel (2004) “-(X)g”, in A Grammar of Old Turkic (Handbook of Oriental Studies. Section 8 Uralic & Central Asian Studies; 3), Brill Academic Publishers, →ISBN, page 153

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