< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/uzda

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Most likely from *us- (“mouth”) +‎ *-da (“lacative suffix”).

Noun

*ūzdà f[1][2][3]

  1. bridle
    Synonym: *obrъtь

Inflection
Declension of *ūzdà (hard a-stem, accent paradigm b)
singular dual plural
nominative *ūzdà *ũzdě *ūzdỳ
genitive *ūzdỳ *ūzdù *ũzdъ
dative *ūzdě̀ *ūzdàma *ūzdàmъ
accusative *ūzdǫ̀ *ũzdě *ūzdỳ
instrumental *ūzdòjǫ, *ũzdǫ** *ūzdàma *ūzdàmī
locative *ūzdě̀ *ūzdù *ūzdàsъ, *ūzdàxъ*
vocative *uzdo *ũzdě *ūzdỳ
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Derived terms
  • *obuzdati (“to bridle”)
  • *orzuzdati (“to unbridle”)

Descendants
  • East Slavic:
    • Old East Slavic: узда (uzda)
      • Old Ruthenian: узда́ (uzdá)
        • Belarusian: вузда́ (vuzdá)
        • Carpathian Rusyn: у́зда (úzda)
        • Ukrainian: вузда́ (vuzdá)
      • Russian: узда́ (uzdá)
  • South Slavic:
  • West Slavic:
    • Kashubian: ùzda
    • Old Czech: uzda
    • Polabian: väuzdа
    • Polish: uzda
    • Slovak: uzda
    • Sorbian:
      • Upper Sorbian: wuzda
      • Lower Sorbian: wuzda

References
  1. Derksen, Rick (2008) “*ūzdà”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 511: “f. ā (b) ‘bridle’”
  2. Olander, Thomas (2001) “uzda uzdy”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b tøjle (PR 135)”
  3. Snoj, Marko (2016) “uzda”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *uzda̋”

Further reading
  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “узда́”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
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