< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/svinьja

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Probably from early *svīnī f, from an adjectival form *svinъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *swīˀnas, from Proto-Indo-European *suH-iHnos, from *suH- (“pig, hog, swine”) + *-iHnos.

Baltic cognates include Old Prussian swintian. Further cognates with Latvian sivēns, Latin suīnus (“swine; porcine”), Proto-Germanic *swīną (“pig, swine”) (from which comes Gothic 𐍃𐍅𐌴𐌹𐌽 (swein), Old High German swīn, English swine, Old Norse svín).

Noun

*svinьjà f[1]

  1. pig, swine

Declension
Declension of *svinьjà (soft a-stem, accent paradigm c)
singular dual plural
nominative *svinьjà *svȋnьji *svȋnьję̇
genitive *svinьję̇́ *svinьjù *svinь̀jь
dative *svinьjì *svinьjàma *svinьjàmъ
accusative *svȋnьjǫ *svȋnьji *svȋnьję̇
instrumental *svinьjejǫ́ *svinьjàma *svinьjàmi
locative *svȋnьjī *svinьjù *svinьjàsъ, *svinьjàxъ*
vocative *svinьje *svȋnьji *svȋnьję̇
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.

Descendants
  • East Slavic:
    • Old East Slavic: свиньꙗ (svinĭja), свиниꙗ (svinija)
      • Old Ruthenian: свинꙗ́ (svinjá), свынꙗ́ (svynjá), свиннꙗ́ (svinnjá), свиньꙗ́ (svinʹjá), свинїꙗ́ (svinijá)
        • Belarusian: свіння́ (svinnjá), сьвіньня́ (sʹvinʹnjá), (dialectal) свіня́ (svinjá), свінья́ (svinʹjá)
        • Carpathian Rusyn: свиня́ (svynjá)
        • Ukrainian: свиня́ (svynjá)
      • Russian: свинья́ (svinʹjá)
  • South Slavic:
    • Old Church Slavonic:
      Old Cyrillic script: свиниꙗ (svinija)
      Glagolitic script: ⱄⰲⰺⱀⰺⱑ (sviniě)
    • Macedonian: свиња (svinja)
    • Serbo-Croatian:
      Cyrillic script: сви́ња
      Latin script: svínja
    • Slovene: svinja
  • West Slavic:

Further reading
  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “свинья́”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
  • The template Template:R:be:ESBM does not use the parameter(s): 
    url=svinnia
    Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.    Martynaŭ, V. U., Tsykhun, G. A., editors (1978–2017), “свіння́”, in Этымалагічны слоўнік беларускай мовы [Etymological Dictionary of the Belarusian Language] (in Belarusian), Minsk: Belaruskaia navuka
  • Melnychuk, O. S., editor (2006), “свиня́”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), volumes 5 (Р – Т), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, →ISBN, page 191

References
  1. Derksen, Rick (2008) “*svinьjà”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 477: “f. iā (c) ‘pig, swine’”
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