< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/skarędъ
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Alternative forms
- *skaradъ, *skarědъ
Etymology
Possibly derived from Proto-Indo-European *sḱṓr pl (“excrements”) + *-ędъ. Cognates include Ancient Greek σκῶρ (skôr), Latin -cerda, Proto-Germanic *skarną and Sanskrit अवस्कर (avaskara).
Declension
Indefinite declension of *skarędъ (hard)
| singular | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *skarędъ | *skaręda | *skarędo |
| genitive | *skaręda | *skarędy | *skaręda |
| dative | *skarędu | *skarędě | *skarędu |
| accusative | *skarędъ | *skarędǫ | *skarędo |
| instrumental | *skarędomь | *skarędojǫ | *skarędomь |
| locative | *skarędě | *skarędě | *skarędě |
| vocative | *skaręde | *skarędo | *skarędo |
| dual | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *skaręda | *skarędě | *skarędě |
| genitive | *skarędu | *skarędu | *skarędu |
| dative | *skarędoma | *skarędama | *skarędoma |
| accusative | *skaręda | *skarędě | *skarędě |
| instrumental | *skarędoma | *skarędama | *skarędoma |
| locative | *skarędu | *skarędu | *skarędu |
| vocative | *skaręda | *skarędě | *skarędě |
| plural | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *skarędi | *skarędy | *skaręda |
| genitive | *skarędъ | *skarędъ | *skarędъ |
| dative | *skarędomъ | *skarędamъ | *skarędomъ |
| accusative | *skarędy | *skarędy | *skaręda |
| instrumental | *skarędy | *skarędami | *skarędy |
| locative | *skaręděxъ | *skarędaxъ | *skaręděxъ |
| vocative | *skarędi | *skarędy | *skaręda |
Definite declension of *skarędъ (hard)
| singular | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *skarędъjь | *skarędaja | *skarędoje |
| genitive | *skarędajego | *skarędyję̇ | *skarędajego |
| dative | *skarędujemu | *skaręději | *skarędujemu |
| accusative | *skarędъjь | *skarędǫjǫ | *skarędoje |
| instrumental | *skarędyjimь | *skarędǫjǫ | *skarędyjimь |
| locative | *skarędějemь | *skaręději | *skarędějemь |
| vocative | *skarędъjь | *skarędaja | *skarędoje |
| dual | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *skarędaja | *skaręději | *skaręději |
| genitive | *skaręduju | *skaręduju | *skaręduju |
| dative | *skarędyjima | *skarędyjima | *skarędyjima |
| accusative | *skarędaja | *skaręději | *skaręději |
| instrumental | *skarędyjima | *skarędyjima | *skarędyjima |
| locative | *skaręduju | *skaręduju | *skaręduju |
| vocative | *skarędaja | *skaręději | *skaręději |
| plural | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *skarędiji | *skarędyję̇ | *skarędaja |
| genitive | *skarędъjixъ | *skarędъjixъ | *skarędъjixъ |
| dative | *skarędyjimъ | *skarędyjimъ | *skarędyjimъ |
| accusative | *skarędyję̇ | *skarędyję̇ | *skarędaja |
| instrumental | *skarędyjimi | *skarędyjimi | *skarędyjimi |
| locative | *skarędyjixъ | *skarędyjixъ | *skarędyjixъ |
| vocative | *skarędiji | *skarędyję̇ | *skarędaja |
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: скарѧдъ (skarędŭ), скарѣдъ (skarědŭ)
- ⇒ Russian: ска́ред (skáred)
- ⇒ Russian: ска́редный (skárednyj)
- ⇒ Russian: ска́ред (skáred)
- Old East Slavic: скарѧдъ (skarędŭ), скарѣдъ (skarědŭ)
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “ска́ред”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
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