Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/pelnъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Per Vasmer, from Proto-Indo-European *pel-, *pl̥n-. Cognates include Lithuanian pel̃nas (“profit”), Sanskrit पणते (paṇate, “to barter, negotiate”), Ancient Greek πωλέω (pōléō, “I sell”), German feil (“vendible, for sale”)

Noun

*pȇlnъ m

loot, spoils
captivity

Declension

Declension of *pelnъ (hard o-stem)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*pelnъ	*pelna	*pelni
genitive	*pelna	*pelnu	*pelnъ
dative	*pelnu	*pelnoma	*pelnomъ
accusative	*pelnъ	*pelna	*pelny
instrumental	pelnъmь, pelnomь^*	*pelnoma	*pelny
locative	*pelně	*pelnu	*pelněxъ
vocative	*pelne	*pelna	*pelni

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: полонъ (polonŭ)
  - Old Ruthenian: поло́нъ (polón)
    - Belarusian: пало́н (palón)
    - Carpathian Rusyn: пōлон (pōlon)
    - Ukrainian: поло́н (polón)
  - Russian: (archaic, poetic) поло́н (polón)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic: плѣнъ (plěnŭ)
  - Bulgarian: плен (plen)
- Macedonian: плен (plen)
  - → Old Ruthenian: плѣнъ (plěn)
    - Carpathian Rusyn: плїн (pljin)
  - → Russian: плен (plen)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: пле̑н, плије̑н
  
  Latin: plȇn, plijȇn
- Slovene: plen
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: plen
  - Czech: plen
- Kashubian: plón
- Polish: plon
  - → Old Ruthenian: плїонъ (plion)
    - Belarusian: плён (pljon)
- Slovak: plen

References

Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “поло́н”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
Derksen, Rick (2008) “*pelnъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 394

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