< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/orkyta
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Probably from Proto-Indo-European *h₂erkʷos (“bow, arrow”), as willow twigs were used to make bows due to their flexibility.[1] Compare Latvian ērkšķis, Ancient Greek ἄρκευθος (árkeuthos), Old English earh (whence English arrow), Latin arcus (“arc, bow”).
Inflection
Declension of *orkyta (hard a-stem)
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *orkyta | *orkytě | *orkyty |
| genitive | *orkyty | *orkytu | *orkytъ |
| dative | *orkytě | *orkytama | *orkytamъ |
| accusative | *orkytǫ | *orkytě | *orkyty |
| instrumental | *orkytojǫ, *orkytǫ** | *orkytama | *orkytami |
| locative | *orkytě | *orkytu | *orkytasъ, *orkytaxъ* |
| vocative | *orkyto | *orkytě | *orkyty |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Russian: раки́та (rakíta)
- Ukrainian: роки́та (rokýta)
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
References
- De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “arcus”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 52
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “раки́та”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
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