< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kysělъ
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Alternative reconstructions
Etymology
Possibly a relic l-participle of *kysěti + *-lъ.
Alternative forms
- *kyslъ, *kysalъ
Declension
Indefinite declension of *kysělъ (hard, accent paradigm a)
| singular | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *kysělъ | *kysěla | *kysělo |
| genitive | *kysěla | *kysěly | *kysěla |
| dative | *kysělu | *kysělě | *kysělu |
| accusative | *kysělъ | *kysělǫ | *kysělo |
| instrumental | *kysělomь | *kysělojǫ | *kysělomь |
| locative | *kysělě | *kysělě | *kysělě |
| vocative | *kysěle | *kysělo | *kysělo |
| dual | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *kysěla | *kysělě | *kysělě |
| genitive | *kysělu | *kysělu | *kysělu |
| dative | *kysěloma | *kysělama | *kysěloma |
| accusative | *kysěla | *kysělě | *kysělě |
| instrumental | *kysěloma | *kysělama | *kysěloma |
| locative | *kysělu | *kysělu | *kysělu |
| vocative | *kysěla | *kysělě | *kysělě |
| plural | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *kysěli | *kysěly | *kysěla |
| genitive | *kysělъ | *kysělъ | *kysělъ |
| dative | *kysělomъ | *kysělamъ | *kysělomъ |
| accusative | *kysěly | *kysěly | *kysěla |
| instrumental | *kysěly | *kysělami | *kysěly |
| locative | *kysělěxъ | *kysělaxъ | *kysělěxъ |
| vocative | *kysěli | *kysěly | *kysěla |
Definite declension of *kysělъ (hard, accent paradigm a)
| singular | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *kysělъjь | *kysělaja | *kysěloje |
| genitive | *kysělajego | *kysělyję̇ | *kysělajego |
| dative | *kysělujemu | *kysělěji | *kysělujemu |
| accusative | *kysělъjь | *kysělǫjǫ | *kysěloje |
| instrumental | *kysělyjimь | *kysělǫjǫ | *kysělyjimь |
| locative | *kysělějemь | *kysělěji | *kysělějemь |
| vocative | *kysělъjь | *kysělaja | *kysěloje |
| dual | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *kysělaja | *kysělěji | *kysělěji |
| genitive | *kysěluju | *kysěluju | *kysěluju |
| dative | *kysělyjima | *kysělyjima | *kysělyjima |
| accusative | *kysělaja | *kysělěji | *kysělěji |
| instrumental | *kysělyjima | *kysělyjima | *kysělyjima |
| locative | *kysěluju | *kysěluju | *kysěluju |
| vocative | *kysělaja | *kysělěji | *kysělěji |
| plural | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *kysěliji | *kysělyję̇ | *kysělaja |
| genitive | *kysělъjixъ | *kysělъjixъ | *kysělъjixъ |
| dative | *kysělyjimъ | *kysělyjimъ | *kysělyjimъ |
| accusative | *kysělyję̇ | *kysělyję̇ | *kysělaja |
| instrumental | *kysělyjimi | *kysělyjimi | *kysělyjimi |
| locative | *kysělyjixъ | *kysělyjixъ | *kysělyjixъ |
| vocative | *kysěliji | *kysělyję̇ | *kysělaja |
Derived terms
- *kysělina (“sour substance”)
- *kysělostь, *kysělьstvo (“sourness”)
- *kysělьcь (type of herb)
Related terms
- *kvasъ (“fermented beverage”)
- *kyprъ (“plump”)
Descendants
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “ки́слый”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1987), “*kyselъ(jь)/*kysělъ(jь)”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 13 (*kroměžirъ – *kyžiti), Moscow: Nauka, page 271
- Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1979), “кисел²”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 2 (и – крепя̀), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, page 385
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008) “*kỳselъ; *kỳsělъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 267: “adj. o (a) ‘sour’”
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