< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kъrnъ
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *kúrnas or *kúrˀnas, cognate with Latvian kur̃ns (“deaf”). Traditionally derived from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to cut”) + *-nъ, but in view of Sanskrit कीर्ण (kīrṇa, “injured, hurt”), Avestan 𐬐𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬀 (karəna, “deaf”), origin from *(s)kerH- (“to crop, to injure”)[1] has been proposed instead.
Adjective
*kъ̑rnъ[1]
Declension
Indefinite declension of *kъrnъ (hard)
| singular | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *kъrnъ | *kъrna | *kъrno |
| genitive | *kъrna | *kъrny | *kъrna |
| dative | *kъrnu | *kъrně | *kъrnu |
| accusative | *kъrnъ | *kъrnǫ | *kъrno |
| instrumental | *kъrnomь | *kъrnojǫ | *kъrnomь |
| locative | *kъrně | *kъrně | *kъrně |
| vocative | *kъrne | *kъrno | *kъrno |
| dual | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *kъrna | *kъrně | *kъrně |
| genitive | *kъrnu | *kъrnu | *kъrnu |
| dative | *kъrnoma | *kъrnama | *kъrnoma |
| accusative | *kъrna | *kъrně | *kъrně |
| instrumental | *kъrnoma | *kъrnama | *kъrnoma |
| locative | *kъrnu | *kъrnu | *kъrnu |
| vocative | *kъrna | *kъrně | *kъrně |
| plural | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *kъrni | *kъrny | *kъrna |
| genitive | *kъrnъ | *kъrnъ | *kъrnъ |
| dative | *kъrnomъ | *kъrnamъ | *kъrnomъ |
| accusative | *kъrny | *kъrny | *kъrna |
| instrumental | *kъrny | *kъrnami | *kъrny |
| locative | *kъrněxъ | *kъrnaxъ | *kъrněxъ |
| vocative | *kъrni | *kъrny | *kъrna |
Definite declension of *kъrnъ (hard)
| singular | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *kъrnъjь | *kъrnaja | *kъrnoje |
| genitive | *kъrnajego | *kъrnyję̇ | *kъrnajego |
| dative | *kъrnujemu | *kъrněji | *kъrnujemu |
| accusative | *kъrnъjь | *kъrnǫjǫ | *kъrnoje |
| instrumental | *kъrnyjimь | *kъrnǫjǫ | *kъrnyjimь |
| locative | *kъrnějemь | *kъrněji | *kъrnějemь |
| vocative | *kъrnъjь | *kъrnaja | *kъrnoje |
| dual | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *kъrnaja | *kъrněji | *kъrněji |
| genitive | *kъrnuju | *kъrnuju | *kъrnuju |
| dative | *kъrnyjima | *kъrnyjima | *kъrnyjima |
| accusative | *kъrnaja | *kъrněji | *kъrněji |
| instrumental | *kъrnyjima | *kъrnyjima | *kъrnyjima |
| locative | *kъrnuju | *kъrnuju | *kъrnuju |
| vocative | *kъrnaja | *kъrněji | *kъrněji |
| plural | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *kъrniji | *kъrnyję̇ | *kъrnaja |
| genitive | *kъrnъjixъ | *kъrnъjixъ | *kъrnъjixъ |
| dative | *kъrnyjimъ | *kъrnyjimъ | *kъrnyjimъ |
| accusative | *kъrnyję̇ | *kъrnyję̇ | *kъrnaja |
| instrumental | *kъrnyjimi | *kъrnyjimi | *kъrnyjimi |
| locative | *kъrnyjixъ | *kъrnyjixъ | *kъrnyjixъ |
| vocative | *kъrniji | *kъrnyję̇ | *kъrnaja |
Derived terms
- *kъrněti, *kъrniti (“to chip, to truncate; to impair”)
- *kъrnati (“to crop”)
- *kъrnakъ, *kъrnьda (“impaired person or animal”)
- *kъrnę (“male pig”)
- *kъrnatъ, *kъrnavъ (“physically impaired”)
Related terms
- *kъrľь (“tick”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: кърнъ (kŭrnŭ)
- Russian: ко́рный (kórnyj), корно́й (kornój)
- Ukrainian: ко́рний (kórnyj) (dialectal)
- Old East Slavic: кърнъ (kŭrnŭ)
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
- Polish: kierny (dialectal)
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “ко́рный”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1987), “*kъrnъ(jь)”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 13 (*kroměžirъ – *kyžiti), Moscow: Nauka, page 236
- Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1986), “крън нар., кърн диал.”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 3 (крес¹ – мѝнго¹), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, page 47
References
- Snoj, Marko (2016) “krn”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *kъ̑rnъ”
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