< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/čęstъ
See also: Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/čęstь
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Originally participle, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *kimśto-, from Proto-Indo-European *kmḱ-to-, from *kemḱ-. Equivalent to **čęsti + *-tъ.
Cognate with Lithuanian kim̃štas (“packed, stuffed”) (< kim̃šti, kemšù).
Declension
Indefinite declension of *čęstъ (hard, accent paradigm c)
| singular | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *čęstъ | *čęsta | *čęsto |
| genitive | *čęsta | *čęsty | *čęsta |
| dative | *čęstu | *čęstě | *čęstu |
| accusative | *čęstъ | *čęstǫ | *čęsto |
| instrumental | *čęstomь | *čęstojǫ | *čęstomь |
| locative | *čęstě | *čęstě | *čęstě |
| vocative | *čęste | *čęsto | *čęsto |
| dual | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *čęsta | *čęstě | *čęstě |
| genitive | *čęstu | *čęstu | *čęstu |
| dative | *čęstoma | *čęstama | *čęstoma |
| accusative | *čęsta | *čęstě | *čęstě |
| instrumental | *čęstoma | *čęstama | *čęstoma |
| locative | *čęstu | *čęstu | *čęstu |
| vocative | *čęsta | *čęstě | *čęstě |
| plural | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *čęsti | *čęsty | *čęsta |
| genitive | *čęstъ | *čęstъ | *čęstъ |
| dative | *čęstomъ | *čęstamъ | *čęstomъ |
| accusative | *čęsty | *čęsty | *čęsta |
| instrumental | *čęsty | *čęstami | *čęsty |
| locative | *čęstěxъ | *čęstaxъ | *čęstěxъ |
| vocative | *čęsti | *čęsty | *čęsta |
Definite declension of *čęstъ (hard, accent paradigm c)
| singular | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *čęstъjь | *čęstaja | *čęstoje |
| genitive | *čęstajego | *čęstyję̇ | *čęstajego |
| dative | *čęstujemu | *čęstěji | *čęstujemu |
| accusative | *čęstъjь | *čęstǫjǫ | *čęstoje |
| instrumental | *čęstyjimь | *čęstǫjǫ | *čęstyjimь |
| locative | *čęstějemь | *čęstěji | *čęstějemь |
| vocative | *čęstъjь | *čęstaja | *čęstoje |
| dual | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *čęstaja | *čęstěji | *čęstěji |
| genitive | *čęstuju | *čęstuju | *čęstuju |
| dative | *čęstyjima | *čęstyjima | *čęstyjima |
| accusative | *čęstaja | *čęstěji | *čęstěji |
| instrumental | *čęstyjima | *čęstyjima | *čęstyjima |
| locative | *čęstuju | *čęstuju | *čęstuju |
| vocative | *čęstaja | *čęstěji | *čęstěji |
| plural | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *čęstiji | *čęstyję̇ | *čęstaja |
| genitive | *čęstъjixъ | *čęstъjixъ | *čęstъjixъ |
| dative | *čęstyjimъ | *čęstyjimъ | *čęstyjimъ |
| accusative | *čęstyję̇ | *čęstyję̇ | *čęstaja |
| instrumental | *čęstyjimi | *čęstyjimi | *čęstyjimi |
| locative | *čęstyjixъ | *čęstyjixъ | *čęstyjixъ |
| vocative | *čęstiji | *čęstyję̇ | *čęstaja |
See also
Derived terms
- *čęstikъ/*čęstika
- *čęstina
- *čęstiti
- *čęstokolъ
- *čęstota
- *čęstovojь
- *čęstyni
- *čęšča
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “частый”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1977), “*čęstъ”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 4 (*čaběniti – *děľa), Moscow: Nauka, page 106
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008) “čęstъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 88: “adj. o (c) ‘frequent, dense’”
- Olander, Thomas (2001) “čęstъ čęsta čęsto”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c tæt, hyppig (SA 111, 188; PR 138)”
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