Reconstruction:Proto-Permic/kärtim

This Proto-Permic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Permic

Etymology

From *kärtni (“to tie”) +‎ *-m.

Noun

*kärtim (stem *kärtim-)

lease, rent

Declension

Declension of kärtim (stem: kärtim-)
		singular	plural
nominative		*kärtim	*kärtimjas
accusative	indefinite	*kärtim	*kärtimjas
accusative	definite	*kärtimäs	*kärtimjasäs
instrumental		*kärtimän	*kärtimjasän
caritive		*kärtimtäk	*kärtimjastäk
consecutive		*kärtimla	*kärtimjasla
genitive		*kärtimlän	*kärtimjaslän
ablative		*kärtimliś	*kärtimjasliś
dative		*kärtimli	*kärtimjasli
inessive		*kärtimin	*kärtimjasin
elative		*kärtimiś	*kärtimjasiś
illative		*kärtimä	*kärtimjasä
egressive		*kärtimśań	*kärtimjasśań
approximative		*kärtimlań	*kärtimjaslań
terminative		*kärtimäʒ́	*kärtimjasäʒ́
translative		*kärtimti	*kärtimjasti

Descendants

Komi:
- Komi-Permyak: (obsolete) кӧрты́м (körtým)
- Komi-Zyrian: кӧртым (körtym)
  - → Russian: (obsolete) кортома́ (kortomá), (dialectal) ко́ртом (kórtom), корт (kort)
Udmurt: (obsolete) кертым (kertym)
→ Old Ossetic:
- Ossetian: гӕртам (gærtam)
- → Old Georgian: ქრთამი (krtami)
  - Georgian: ქრთამი (krtami)
    - → Armenian: քրթամ (kʻrtʻam) — Tbilisi
    - → Bats: ქართამ (kartam), ქრთამ (krtam)
    - → Mingrelian: ქრთამი (krtami), რთამი (rtami)

References

Lytkin, V. I., Gulyaev, E. S., editors (1970), “кӧртым”, in Краткий этимологический словарь коми языка [Brief Etymological Dictionary of the Komi Language]‎ (in Russian), Moscow: Nauka

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