< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dusmenḗs

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

From *dus- (“bad”) +‎ *ménes- (“mind, thought”) +‎ *-s.

Adjective

*dusmenḗs[1][2][3]

  1. ill-disposed
    Antonym: *h₁sumenḗs

Inflection

Masculine/feminine Inflection:

Athematic, acrostatic
singular
nominative *dusmenḗs
genitive *dusmenésos
singular dual plural
nominative *dusmenḗs *dusmenésh₁(e) *dusmenéses
vocative *dusmenés *dusmenésh₁(e) *dusmenéses
accusative *dusmenésm̥ *dusmenésh₁(e) *dusmenésm̥s
genitive *dusmenésos *? *dusmenésoHom
ablative *dusmenésos *? *dusmenésmos
dative *dusmenésey *? *dusmenésmos
locative *dusmenés, *dusmenési *? *dusmenésu
instrumental *dusmenésh₁ *? *dusmenésmis

Neuter inflection:

Athematic, acrostatic
singular
nominative *dusménes
genitive *dusménesos
singular dual plural
nominative *dusménes *dusménesih₁ *dusménēs
vocative *dusménes *dusménesih₁ *dusménēs
accusative *dusménes *dusménesih₁ *dusménēs
genitive *dusménesos *? *dusménesoHom
ablative *dusménesos *? *dusménesmos
dative *dusménesey *? *dusménesmos
locative *dusménes, *dusménesi *? *dusménesu
instrumental *dusménesh₁ *? *dusménesmis

Descendants
  • Proto-Hellenic: *dusmenḗs (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *dušmanā́s m
    • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *duẓmanā́s
      • Sanskrit: दुर्मनास् (durmanā́s)
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *dušmánas (< *dus-ménos) (see there for further descendants)

References
  1. Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 310
  2. Meissner, Torsten (2005) S-Stem Nouns and Adjectives in Greek and Proto-Indo-European: A Diachronic Study in Word Formation (Oxford Classical Monographs)‎, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 161
  3. Mallory, J. P., Adams, D. Q. (2006) The Oxford introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European world, Oxford University Press, page 283
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