< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/skammijaną
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This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈskam.mi.jɑ.nɑ̃/
Inflection
Conjugation of *skammijaną (weak class 1)
| active voice | passive voice | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| 1st singular | *skammijō | *skammijaų | — | *skammijai | ? |
| 2nd singular | *skammīsi | *skammijais | *skammī | *skammijasai | *skammijaisau |
| 3rd singular | *skammīþi | *skammijai | *skammijaþau | *skammijaþai | *skammijaiþau |
| 1st dual | *skammijōs | *skammijaiw | — | — | — |
| 2nd dual | *skammijaþiz | *skammijaiþiz | *skammijaþiz | — | — |
| 1st plural | *skammijamaz | *skammijaim | — | *skammijanþai | *skammijainþau |
| 2nd plural | *skammīþ | *skammijaiþ | *skammīþ | *skammijanþai | *skammijainþau |
| 3rd plural | *skammijanþi | *skammijain | *skammijanþau | *skammijanþai | *skammijainþau |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
| 1st singular | *skammidǭ | *skammidēdį̄ | |||
| 2nd singular | *skammidēz | *skammidēdīz | |||
| 3rd singular | *skammidē | *skammidēdī | |||
| 1st dual | *skammidēdū | *skammidēdīw | |||
| 2nd dual | *skammidēdudiz | *skammidēdīdiz | |||
| 1st plural | *skammidēdum | *skammidēdīm | |||
| 2nd plural | *skammidēdud | *skammidēdīd | |||
| 3rd plural | *skammidēdun | *skammidēdīn | |||
| present | past | ||||
| participles | *skammijandz | *skammidaz | |||
Descendants
- Proto-West Germanic: *skammijan
- Old High German: skemmen
- Old Norse: skemma
- Icelandic: skemma
References
- Orel, Vladimir (2003) “*skammjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 333
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