顫

See also: 颤

顫	U+986B, 顫 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-986B

← 顪
[U+986A]

CJK Unified Ideographs

顬 →
[U+986C]

Translingual

Han character

顫 (Kangxi radical 181, 頁+13, 22 strokes, cangjie input 卜一一月金 (YMMBC), four-corner 0118₆, composition ⿰亶頁)

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 1410, character 5

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 43706

Dae Jaweon: page 1928, character 22

Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4394, character 9

Unihan data for U+986B

Chinese

trad.		顫
simp.		颤

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 顫
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (旦) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
皽	tjaʀ, tanʔ, *tjanʔ
担	*taːnʔ
胆	daːn, daːn
疸	taːnʔ, taːns
觛	taːnʔ, taːns, *daːnʔ
亶	*taːnʔ
嬗	taːnʔ, tʰaːn, *djans
笪	taːnʔ, taːns, *taːd
狚	taːnʔ, taːns, *taːd
旦	*taːns
鴠	*taːns
譠	tʰaːn, rteːn
坦	*tʰaːnʔ
但	daːn, daːnʔ, *daːns
檀	*daːn
壇	*daːn
儃	daːn, djan
驙	daːn, tan
袒	daːnʔ, rdeːns
襢	daːnʔ, tanʔ, *tans
繵	*daːnʔ
膻	*daːnʔ
澶	daːns, djan
邅	tan, danʔ, *dans
鱣	*tan
饘	tjan, tjanʔ
旜	*tjan
氈	*tjan
鸇	*tjan
顫	*tjans
蟺	*djanʔ
擅	*djans
羶	*hljan
呾	taːd, ʔraːd
怛	*taːd
妲	*taːd
靼	taːd, tjad
炟	*taːd

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tjans) : phonetic 亶 (OC *taːnʔ) + semantic 頁 (“head”).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): chàn, zhàn (chan⁴, zhan⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄔㄢˋ, ㄓㄢˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): zin³
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chûn
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chiàn / chùn
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): ⁵tsoe

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: chàn
  - Zhuyin: ㄔㄢˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: chàn
  - Wade–Giles: chʻan⁴
  - Yale: chàn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chann
  - Palladius: чань (čanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰän⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland and Taiwan)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zhàn
  - Zhuyin: ㄓㄢˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jhàn
  - Wade–Giles: chan⁴
  - Yale: jàn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jann
  - Palladius: чжань (čžanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂän⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: zin³
  - Yale: jin
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzin³
  - Guangdong Romanization: jin³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siːn³³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chûn
  - Hakka Romanization System: zun´
  - Hagfa Pinyim: zun¹
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sun²⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiàn
  - Tâi-lô: tsiàn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ciexn
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡siɛn²¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡siɛn⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chùn
  - Tâi-lô: tsùn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zuxn
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sun⁴¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡sun¹¹/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung, Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡sun²¹/

Note:

chiàn - literary;
chùn - vernacular.

Wu
- (Shanghai):
  - Wugniu: ⁵tsoe
  - MiniDict: tsoe^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²tsoe
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡sø³⁴/

Middle Chinese: tsyenH

Rime
Character	顫
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	章 (23)
Final (韻)	仙 (77)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	之膳切
Baxter	tsyenH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ɕiᴇn^H/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡ɕiɛn^H/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ɕjæn^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/cian^H/
Li Rong	/t͡ɕiɛn^H/
Wang Li	/t͡ɕĭɛn^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡ɕi̯ɛn^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zin³

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*tjans/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	顫
Reading #	1/1
No.	2090
Phonetic component	旦
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	戰
Old Chinese	/*tjans/

Definitions

顫

to shake; to vibrate; to tremble
to shiver; to tremble

Synonyms

(to tremble):

交懍恂／交懔恂 (Hokkien)
呞呞顫／呞呞颤 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien, Taiwanese Hokkien)
哆嗦 (duōsuo)
圪觫 (geh⁵ sueh⁴) (Jin)
慄慄掣／栗栗掣 (Hokkien)
戰／战 (zhàn)
戰慄／战栗 (zhànlì) (literary)
戰抖／战抖 (zhàndǒu)
打抖 (da³ deu³) (Gan)
抖 (dǒu)
抖動／抖动 (dǒudòng)
抖抖絲／抖抖丝 (Longyan Min)
掉 (Hokkien, Teochew)
掣 (Hokkien, Teochew)
搦搦掣 (Hokkien)
發抖／发抖 (fādǒu)
蟯蟯掣／蛲蛲掣 (Hokkien)
起掉 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien)
顫動／颤动 (chàndòng)
顫抖／颤抖 (chàndǒu)

Compounds

亂顫／乱颤
冷顫／冷颤
寒顫／寒颤 (hánzhàn)
心驚肉顫／心惊肉颤
心驚膽顫／心惊胆颤
打冷顫／打冷颤
打寒顫／打寒颤 (dǎhánzhàn)
打顫／打颤 (dǎzhàn)
捉顫／捉颤
疙顫顫／疙颤颤
發顫／发颤
肉顫心驚／肉颤心惊 (ròu chàn xīn jīng)
膽顫心寒／胆颤心寒
膽顫心驚／胆颤心惊
膽驚心顫／胆惊心颤
震顫／震颤 (zhènchàn)
震顫麻痺／震颤麻痹
顫動／颤动 (chàndòng)
顫巍巍／颤巍巍
顫悠／颤悠
顫悠悠／颤悠悠
顫慄／颤栗 (zhànlì)
顫抖／颤抖 (chàndǒu)
顫抖抖／颤抖抖
顫筆／颤笔
顫聲／颤声
顫音／颤音 (chànyīn)
顫顫巍巍／颤颤巍巍
骨顫肉驚／骨颤肉惊

Japanese

Kanji

顫

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

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Readings

On (unclassified): せん (sen)
Kun: ふるえる (furueru, 顫える)

Korean

Hanja

顫 • (jeon) (hangeul 전, revised jeon, McCune–Reischauer chŏn, Yale cen)

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Vietnamese

Han character

顫: Hán Nôm readings: chiến, chiên

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