洞
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Translingual
Han character
| Stroke order | |||
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洞 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 水月一口 (EBMR), four-corner 37120, composition ⿰氵同)
Derived characters
- 霘, 𪔦, 𢞉
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 620, character 18
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17386
- Dae Jaweon: page 1016, character 7
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1607, character 3
- Unihan data for U+6D1E
- Unihan data for U+FA05
Chinese
| simp. and trad. |
洞 | |
|---|---|---|
Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (同) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 鮦 | *duʔ, *doːŋ, *doŋʔ |
| 侗 | *tʰoːŋ, *tʰoːŋʔ, *doːŋ |
| 恫 | *tʰoːŋ, *doːŋs |
| 痌 | *tʰoːŋ |
| 同 | *doːŋ |
| 仝 | *zlon, *doːŋ |
| 銅 | *doːŋ |
| 桐 | *doːŋ |
| 峒 | *doːŋ, *doːŋs |
| 硐 | *doːŋ, *doːŋʔ |
| 筒 | *doːŋ, *doːŋs |
| 洞 | *doːŋ, *doːŋs |
| 烔 | *doːŋ |
| 挏 | *doːŋ, *doːŋʔ |
| 酮 | *doːŋ, *doːŋʔ |
| 鲖 | |
| 眮 | *doːŋ, *doːŋʔ, *doːŋs |
| 衕 | *doːŋ, *doːŋs |
| 哃 | *doːŋ |
| 絧 | *doːŋ, *doːŋs |
| 姛 | *doːŋʔ |
| 詷 | *doːŋʔ, *doːŋs |
| 胴 | *doːŋs |
| 駧 | *doːŋs |
| 迵 | *doːŋs |
| 戙 | *doːŋs |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *doːŋ, *doːŋs) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 同 (OC *doːŋ).
Etymology
Pronunciation 1
Definitions
洞
- hole; cavity; cave
- (literary, or in compounds) thorough; penetrating
- the numeral zero (used in radio communications in aviation and by the military)
- dong, a submunicipal administrative division in North and South Korea
Synonyms
- (hole):
Dialectal synonyms of 孔 (“hole”) [map]
| Variety | Location | Words |
|---|---|---|
| Classical Chinese | 孔, 洞, 穴 | |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 孔, 洞, 孔洞, 空洞, 空穴 | |
| Mandarin | Beijing | 窟窿 |
| Jinan | 窟窿 | |
| Luoyang | 窟窿 | |
| Wanrong | 窟窿 | |
| Xi'an | 窟窿子, 窟窿 | |
| Wuhan | 窟窿, 窟眼, 洞洞, 洞 | |
| Chengdu | 窟窿, 洞洞, 洞 | |
| Liuzhou | 窿 | |
| Yangzhou | 洞, 窟窿 | |
| Nanjing | 窟窿 | |
| Hefei | 窟窿, 洞 | |
| Singapore | 洞 | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 窿, 咕窿 |
| Hong Kong | 窿, 咕窿 | |
| Taishan | 孔 | |
| Yangjiang | 窿 | |
| Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 窿 | |
| Singapore (Guangfu) | 窿 | |
| Gan | Nanchang | 洞 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 窿仔, 窿空仔 |
| Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 空 | |
| Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 空 | |
| Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 空 | |
| Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 空 | |
| Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 空 | |
| Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 空 | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 窟窿, 窟子 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 川 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 空空 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 空, 空口 |
| Quanzhou | 空 | |
| Zhangzhou | 空口 | |
| Zhangzhou (Changtai) | 空 | |
| Taipei | 空 | |
| Penang (Hokkien) | 空 | |
| Singapore (Hokkien) | 空 | |
| Manila (Hokkien) | 空 | |
| Chaozhou | 空 | |
| Jieyang | 空, 洞 | |
| Haifeng | 空 | |
| Singapore (Teochew) | 空 | |
| Singapore (Hainanese) | 空 | |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 窿 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 洞 |
| Wenzhou | 洞, 窟, 窟窿 | |
| Jinhua | 窟窿 | |
| Xiang | Changsha | 洞, 洞子 |
| Shuangfeng | 眼貢, 洞 | |
- (zero):
Dialectal synonyms of 零 (“zero”) [map]
Compounds
- 三洞
- 上洞人
- 九曲洞
- 仙洞
- 八洞
- 函洞 (hándòng)
- 別有洞天／别有洞天 (biéyǒudòngtiān)
- 勿里洞島
- 千佛洞
- 地洞 (dìdòng)
- 坑洞 (kēngdòng)
- 塞狗洞
- 大洞果
- 山洞 (shāndòng)
- 山頂洞人／山顶洞人
- 岩洞 (yándòng)
- 拖牢洞
- 挖洞
- 掘洞
- 晶洞 (jīngdòng)
- 曹洞宗
- 月洞
- 月洞門／月洞门
- 橋洞／桥洞 (qiáodòng)
- 水簾洞／水帘洞
- 法律漏洞
- 洞中肯綮
- 洞仙 (dòngxiān)
- 洞兒／洞儿
- 洞壑
- 洞天 (dòngtiān)
- 洞天福地
- 洞如觀火／洞如观火
- 洞家
- 洞宮／洞宫
- 洞察 (dòngchá)
- 洞察其奸
- 洞察機先／洞察机先
- 洞居
- 洞府
- 洞庭 (dòngtíng)
- 洞庭湖 (Dòngtíng Hú)
- 洞徹／洞彻
- 洞悉 (dòngxī)
- 洞悉明白
- 洞悉真相
- 洞戶／洞户
- 洞房 (dòngfáng)
- 洞房花燭／洞房花烛
- 洞明
- 洞曉／洞晓
- 洞氣／洞气
- 洞洞
- 洞然
- 洞燭／洞烛
- 洞燭入微／洞烛入微
- 洞燭其奸
- 洞燭姦邪／洞烛奸邪
- 洞燭機先／洞烛机先
- 洞穴 (dòngxué)
- 洞穿
- 洞窟 (dòngkū)
- 洞窟美術／洞窟美术
- 洞簫／洞箫 (dòngxiāo)
- 洞若觀火／洞若观火 (dòngruòguānhuǒ)
- 洞見／洞见 (dòngjiàn)
- 洞見癥結／洞见症结
- 洞貫／洞贯
- 洞達／洞达
- 洞鑒／洞鉴
- 洞鑒古今／洞鉴古今
- 洞門／洞门
- 洞開／洞开 (dòngkāi)
- 涵洞 (hándòng)
- 漏洞 (lòudòng)
- 漏洞百出 (lòudòngbǎichū)
- 潘洞
- 潮音洞
- 炕洞
- 無底洞／无底洞 (wúdǐdòng)
- 狗洞
- 甕洞兒／瓮洞儿
- 白洞 (báidòng)
- 白鹿洞
- 石洞 (Shídòng)
- 石灰岩洞
- 破洞 (pòdòng)
- 福地洞天
- 空洞 (kōngdòng)
- 空空洞洞
- 窗洞 (chuāngdòng)
- 窯洞／窑洞 (yáodòng)
- 花兒洞子／花儿洞子
- 花燭洞房／花烛洞房
- 芭蕉洞 (bājiāodòng)
- 通幽洞微
- 連闥洞房／连闼洞房
- 鐘乳洞／钟乳洞
- 鑽天打洞／钻天打洞
- 鑽狗洞／钻狗洞
- 門洞／门洞
- 防空洞 (fángkōngdòng)
- 風洞／风洞
- 鬧洞房／闹洞房 (nào dòngfáng)
- 鬼窟洞
- 黃金洞／黄金洞 (Huángjīndòng)
- 黑洞 (hēidòng)
- 黑洞洞 (hēidòngdòng)
- 龍洞／龙洞
Pronunciation 2
References
- “洞”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database), 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
Readings
Korean
Etymology 1
From Middle Chinese 洞 (MC duwngH).
| Historical readings |
|---|
|
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [to̞(ː)ŋ]
- Phonetic hangul: [동(ː)]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
Hanja
Wikisource 洞 (eumhun 골 동 (gol dong))
- Hanja form? of 동 (“hole; cavity; cave”).
- Hanja form? of 동 (“dong, a submunicipal administrative division in North and South Korea”).
Compounds
Etymology 2
From a corrupted or unorthodox reading.
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [tʰo̞(ː)ŋ]
- Phonetic hangul: [통(ː)]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
Vietnamese
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