樑上君子

See also: 梁上君子

Chinese

		beam of roof	up; on; on top up; on; on top; upon; first; previous or last; upper; higher; above; previous; to climb; to go into; to go up	junzi; man of virtue; high-minded person junzi; man of virtue; high-minded person; noble person; superior person
trad. (樑上君子/梁上君子)		樑/梁	上	君子
simp. (梁上君子)		梁	上	君子
Literally: “gentleman on the roof beam”.

Etymology

From a story in the Book of the Later Han.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): liángshàngjūnzǐ

(Zhuyin): ㄌㄧㄤˊ ㄕㄤˋ ㄐㄩㄣㄗˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): loeng⁴ soeng⁶ gwan¹ zi²
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): liông-siōng-kun-chú / liông-siāng-kun-chú

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: liángshàngjūnzǐ
  - Zhuyin: ㄌㄧㄤˊ ㄕㄤˋ ㄐㄩㄣㄗˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: liángshàngjyunzǐh
  - Wade–Giles: liang²-shang⁴-chün¹-tzŭ³
  - Yale: lyáng-shàng-jyūn-dž
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: liangshanqjiuntzyy
  - Palladius: ляншанцзюньцзы (ljanšanczjunʹczy)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /li̯ɑŋ³⁵ ʂɑŋ⁵¹ t͡ɕyn⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: loeng⁴ soeng⁶ gwan¹ zi²
  - Yale: lèuhng seuhng gwān jí
  - Cantonese Pinyin: loeng⁴ soeng⁶ gwan¹ dzi²
  - Guangdong Romanization: lêng⁴ sêng⁶ guen¹ ji²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /lœːŋ²¹ sœːŋ²² kʷɐn⁵⁵ t͡siː³⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: liông-siōng-kun-chú
  - Tâi-lô: liông-siōng-kun-tsú
  - Phofsit Daibuun: liongsioxngkunzuo
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /liɔŋ²³⁻³³ ɕiɔŋ³³⁻²¹ kun⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡su⁴¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /liɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ ɕiɔŋ³³⁻¹¹ kun⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡su⁵³/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /liɔŋ²⁴⁻²² ɕiɔŋ²²⁻²¹ kun⁴⁴⁻²² t͡su⁵³/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: liông-siāng-kun-chú
  - Tâi-lô: liông-siāng-kun-tsú
  - Phofsit Daibuun: liongsiaxngkunzuo
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /liɔŋ²³⁻³³ ɕiaŋ³³⁻²¹ kun⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡su⁴¹/

Middle Chinese: ljang dzyangH kjun tsiX

Rime
Character	樑	上	君	子
Reading #	1/1	2/2	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	來 (37)	常 (25)	見 (28)	精 (13)
Final (韻)	陽 (105)	陽 (105)	文 (59)	之 (19)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)	Level (Ø)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open	Closed	Open
Division (等)	III	III	III	III
Fanqie	呂章切	時亮切	舉云切	即里切
Baxter	ljang	dzyangH	kjun	tsiX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/lɨɐŋ/	/d͡ʑɨɐŋ^H/	/kɨun/	/t͡sɨ^X/
Pan Wuyun	/liɐŋ/	/d͡ʑiɐŋ^H/	/kiun/	/t͡sɨ^X/
Shao Rongfen	/liɑŋ/	/d͡ʑiɑŋ^H/	/kiuən/	/t͡sie^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/lɨaŋ/	/d͡ʑɨaŋ^H/	/kun/	/t͡sɨ^X/
Li Rong	/liaŋ/	/ʑiaŋ^H/	/kiuən/	/t͡siə^X/
Wang Li	/lĭaŋ/	/ʑĭaŋ^H/	/kĭuən/	/t͡sĭə^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/li̯aŋ/	/ʑi̯aŋ^H/	/ki̯uən/	/t͡si^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	liáng	shàng	jūn	zǐ
Expected Cantonese Reflex	loeng⁴	soeng⁶	gwan¹	zi²

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*raŋ daŋʔ-s C.qur tsəʔ/

(Zhengzhang): /*raŋ djaŋs klun ʔslɯʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	樑	上	君	子
Reading #	1/1	3/3	1/1	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	liáng	shàng	jūn	zǐ
Middle Chinese	‹ ljang ›	‹ dzyang^H ›	‹ kjun ›	‹ tsi^X ›
Old Chinese	/*raŋ/	/*daŋʔ-s/	/*C.qur/	/*tsəʔ/
English	beam; bridge	top, above (n.)	lord; ruler	child; gentleman, master
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	樑	上	君	子
Reading #	1/1	2/2	1/1	1/1
No.	1648	11103	7289	17857
Phonetic component	刅	上	君	子
Rime group	陽	陽	文	之
Rime subdivision	0	0	2	0
Corresponding MC rime	良	尚	君	子
Old Chinese	/*raŋ/	/*djaŋs/	/*klun/	/*ʔslɯʔ/

Idiom

樑上君子

(humorous) burglar; thief

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