拯

拯 U+62EF, 拯
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-62EF
← 拮
[U+62EE] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 拰 →
[U+62F0]

Translingual

Han character

拯 (Kangxi radical 64, 手+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 手弓水一 (QNEM), four-corner 57013, composition ⿰扌丞)

Derived characters
  • 𩄔

References
  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 427, character 22
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11991
  • Dae Jaweon: page 776, character 19
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1876, character 8
  • Unihan data for U+62EF

Chinese
simp. and trad.
 拯
alternative forms 丞
抍
𢮋

Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (丞) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
蒸 *kljɯŋ
烝 *kljɯŋ, *kljɯŋs
篜 *klɯŋ
脀 *kljɯŋ
拯 *kljɯŋʔ
氶 *kljɯŋʔ
承 *ɡljɯŋ
丞 *ɡljɯŋ, *ɡljɯŋs
巹 *klɯnʔ

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) and phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kljɯŋʔ) : semantic 手 + phonetic 丞 (OC *ɡljɯŋ, *ɡljɯŋs).

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-tjaŋ (“upper part; to rise; to raise”). Related to 承 (OC *ɡljɯŋ, “to receive”), 烝 (OC *kljɯŋ, “to offer (gifts, sacrifices, etc.)”), 登 (OC *tɯːŋ, “to mount; to rise”), 升 (OC *hljɯŋ, “to rise”) (Schuessler, 2007; Sagart and Baxter, 2012).

Pronunciation

Note:
  • chín - vernacular;
  • chéng - literary.
    • Wu
      • (Shanghai):
        • Wugniu: 5tsen
        • MiniDict: tsen去
        • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): 2tsen
        • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡sən³⁴/
    • Xiang
      • (Changsha)
        • Wiktionary: zhen3
        • Sinological IPA (key) (old-style): /ʈ͡ʂən⁴¹/
        • Sinological IPA (key) (new-style): /t͡sən⁴¹/
Rime
Character 拯
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 章 (23)
Final (韻) 蒸 (133)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie
Baxter tsyingX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /t͡ɕɨŋX/
Pan
Wuyun		 /t͡ɕɨŋX/
Shao
Rongfen		 /t͡ɕieŋX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ciŋX/
Li
Rong		 /t͡ɕiəŋX/
Wang
Li		 /t͡ɕĭəŋX/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /t͡ɕi̯əŋX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 zhěng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 zing2
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 拯
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 zhěng
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ tsyingX ›
Old
Chinese		 /*təŋʔ/
English lift up

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 拯
Reading # 1/1
No. 1410
Phonetic
component		 丞
Rime
group		 蒸
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 拯
Old
Chinese		 /*kljɯŋʔ/
Notes 原音蒸上聲無切語，
此切爲五音集韻補

Definitions

拯

  1. to rescue; to save; to aid
  2. (literary) to lift; to raise

Compounds
  • 匡拯 (kuāngzhěng)
  • 哀拯
  • 存拯
  • 憐拯／怜拯
  • 扶危拯溺
  • 拔拯
  • 拯危扶溺
  • 拯卹
  • 拯恤
  • 拯拔
  • 拯援
  • 拯撫／拯抚
  • 拯擢
  • 拯救 (zhěngjiù)
  • 拯治
  • 拯溺
  • 拯溺扶危
  • 拯溺救焚
  • 拯溺濟危／拯溺济危
  • 拯濟／拯济
  • 拯物
  • 拯護／拯护
  • 拯贍／拯赡
  • 拯贖／拯赎
  • 援拯
  • 攜拯／携拯
  • 救拯 (jiùzhěng)
  • 救火拯溺
  • 救焚拯溺
  • 救饑拯溺／救饥拯溺
  • 濟拯／济拯
  • 濟時拯世／济时拯世

Japanese

Kanji
拯

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

  1. help

Readings

Korean

Hanja

拯 • (jeung) (hangeul 증, revised jeung, McCune–Reischauer chŭng, Yale cung)

  1. help, save, aid
  2. lift, raise

Vietnamese

Han character

拯: Hán Nôm readings: chửng

拯: Nôm readings: chẳng[1], chăng[1], chuộng[1]

Adverb
  1. No, not, negative particle.[2][3]

See also

References
  1. Nguyễn (2014).
  2. , Dictionarium Anamitico-Latinum.
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