The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Minsk, Belarus.
Prior to 19th century
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- 1066 - Vladimir the Great, Prince of Kiev, devastates the town.[1]
- 1067 - The Battle on the Nemiga River occurs near Minsk.[2]
- 1101 - Gleb Vseslavich becomes the prince of Minsk.
- 1104 - Town besieged by Kiev forces.
- 1115 - Town besieged by Kiev forces again.
- 1129 - Town becomes part of Kievan Rus'.
- 1242 - Town becomes part of Grand Duchy of Lithuania.
- 1413 - Minsk becomes part of the Vilnius Voivodeship.[3]
- 1441 - City charter granted.
- 1499 - Magdeburg rights granted.[4][3]
- 1505 - City besieged by Crimean Khanate army.[1]
- 1508 - City besieged by Muscovy forces.[1]
- 1552 - Town privileges extended.
- 1566 - City becomes capital of Minsk Voivodeship.
- 1569 - City becomes part of Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.[3]
- 1591 - Minsk coat of arms granted.
- 1616 - Basilian monastery, Minsk founded.
- 1642 - Holy Spirit Cathedral (Minsk) built.[1]
- 1654 - Russo-Polish War (1654–1667): City occupied by the Russians.
- 1667 - City restored to the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.
- 1673 - Church built at Kalvaryja.
- 1685 - Yeshiva founded.[5]
- 1708 - Great Northern War: City occupied by the Swedes.
- 1709 - Great Northern War: City occupied by the Russians.
- 1710 - Jesuit church built.
- 1793
- City annexed by the Russian Empire following the Second Partition of Poland.[1][3]
- Orthodox Diocese of Minsk (Belarusian Orthodox Church) established.
- 1796 - City becomes capital of Minsk Governorate.
- 1798 - Catholic diocese of Minsk formed.[6][1]
19th century
- 1801 - Independence Avenue (Minsk) opened, then called Zahariy Street
- 1805 - Governor's Garden established.
- 1808 - Kalvaryja cemetery in use (approximate date).
- 1812
- 1821 - Population: 2,000 (approximate).[8]
- 1825 - Pischalauski Castle built, now a prison.
- 1827 - Population: 3,000 (approximate).[9]
- 1831 - Polish November Uprising.[4]
- 1836 - Alexander Square, Minsk established.
- 1837 - Fire brigade in operation.
- 1838 - Minskiye gubernskiye vedomosti newspaper begins publication.
- 1840 - Military Cemetery established.
- 1844 - Theatre opens.
- 1845
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19th-century painting of the Catholic Cathedral and former Jesuit College in Minsk
- 1846 - Moscow-Warsaw road laid out.
- 1857 - Greek Catholic Cathedral of Saints Peter and Paul rebuilt.[12]
- 1860 - Population: 27,000.
- 1864 - Church of Holy Trinity consecrated.
- 1871 – Minsk railway station opened.
- 1872 - Municipal water supply introduced.
- 1873 - Vilnius railway station built.
- 1882 - Population: 53,328.[13]
- 1886 - Minskiy Listok newspaper begins publication.[2]
- 1890 - Kupala Theatre opens.[14]
- 1892 – Horse tram begins operating.
- 1897 - Population: 91,494.[1]
- 1898 - Russian Social Democratic Labour Party founded in Minsk.[15][2]
20th century
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Minsk in 1909
1900s-1940s
- 1902 - "All-Russian Congress of Zionists" held in Minsk.[2]
- 1910 - Church of Saints Simon and Helena consecrated.
- 1911 - Tolstoy library founded.[10]
- 1913 - Population: 117,600.[16]
- 1914 - Minsk teachers institute founded.
- 1917
- November: "Bolshevik troops arrive in Minsk."[17]
- December: First All-Belarusian Congress meets in city.[2]
- 1918
- February: German forces oust Bolsheviks.[17]
- 25 March: "First All-Belarusian Congress declares independence of the Belarusian Democratic Republic."[2]
- 1919
- 8 January: City becomes capital of Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic.[3]
- August: City captured by Polish troops during Operation Minsk, part of the Polish–Soviet War.
- 1920
- July: Soviet forces take city.[17]
- Belarusian State Polytechnic Institute established.
- Theatre opens.
- 1921
- Aleksandrovsky, Lyakhovsky, and Central administrative districts created.
- Belarusian State University established.
- City hosts first All-Belarusian Conference of Librarians.[10]
- 1923 - Museum of the First Congress of the Russian Social Democratic Workers' Party founded.[18]
- 1924 - Consulate-General of Poland established.[19]
- 1926 - January: City hosts first Congress of Belarusian Archeologists and Archeographers.[10]
- 1927 - Sovetskaya Belorussiya newspaper begins publication.
- 1929 – Electric tram begins operating.
- 1930 - Minsk State Medical Institute founded.
- 1931 - Belarusian Young Spectators' Theatre established.[14]
- 1932 - Belarusian State Conservatory, Minsk Botanical Garden,[20] and Kamaroúski Park established.
- 1933
- Minsk-1 Airport begins operating.
- Opera and Ballet Theatre[14] and Belarusian Institute for National Economy established.
- 1934
- Dynama Stadium built.
- Government House, Minsk completed.
- 1937 - Kurapaty death camp begins operating near city.[2]
- 1938 - Kaganovich, Stalin, and Voroshilov administrative districts created.
- 1939
- Soviet Belarus film studio relocates to Minsk.
- National Opera and Ballet of Belarus building opens.
- Belarusian State Art Gallery established.
- Population: 238,948.[21]
Map of Minsk, 1941
- 1940 - Soviet executions of Polish officers and intelligentsia during the Katyn massacre.[22]
- 1941
- June: Bombing of Minsk.[23]
- June 28: German occupation begins.[17]
- July 17: Reichskommissariat Ostland established.
- July 20: Minsk Ghetto established.
- August: Forced labour camp for Jews established.[24]
- 1942
- January: Stalag 352 prisoner-of-war camp established by the Germans.[25]
- May: Maly Trostenets extermination camp in operation.
- 1943
- 1944
- 4 July: Red Army takes city.[17]
- Minsk Automobile Plant established.
- Belarusian Great Patriotic War Museum opens.
- Zvyazda newspaper in publication.
- 1945 - Belarus Theatrical Institute founded.
- 1946
- Minsk Tractor Works established.
- Belarusian Institute of Technology relocates to Minsk.
- 1948 - Minsk Institute for Foreign Languages founded.
1950s-1990s
- 1950
- Yanka Kupala Park and Pobieda Kino (cinema)[27] established.
- Tarpeda Stadium built.
- Belarusian State Puppet Theatre active.[14]
- 1954
- Minsk Wheeled Tractor Plant founded.
- Victory Square monument erected.
- 1955
- Children's Railroad opens.
- Vasily Ivanovich Sharapov becomes mayor.[28][29]
- 1957 - Belarusian State History Museum established.
- 1959
- Minsk Refrigerator Plant established.
- Population: 509,667.
- 1961 - October Square, Minsk construction completed.
- 1963 - MKAD (Minsk) ring road constructed.
- 1964 - Radioengineering Institute established.
- 1967 - Vecherniy Minsk newspaper begins publication.[30]
- 1968 - Stadium of the VSS Red Banner opens.
- 1970
- Belarusian State Musical Comedy Theatre active.[14]
- Population: 917,428.
- 1971 - Belarus Optical & Mechanical Enterprise founded.
- 1979
- Belarusian History Museum opens.
- Population: 1,333,000.[31]
Minsk in 1981
- 1981 - Biennial puppet festival begins.[14]
- 1982 - Minsk National Airport begins operating.
- 1984
- Minsk Metro begins operating.
- Minsk Zoo opens.
- 1988 - 30 October: Demonstration; crackdown.[2]
- 1989
- 1990 - Public Library of the City of Minsk established.[10]
- 1991
- April: Labor strike.[2]
- City becomes capital of Republic of Belarus.[3]
- City "becomes the headquarters of the successor to the Soviet Union, the Commonwealth of Independent States."[23][33]
- State Security Committee of the Republic of Belarus (KGB HQ) formed.
- Belarusian Nature and Environment Museum and Academy of Public Administration founded.
- 1992 - International Sakharov Environmental University and Republican Institute for Vocational Education established.
- 1993
- July: Belarusians of the World congress held in city.[2]
- Listapad (Minsk International Film Festival) begins.
- 1994 - Polish Institute in Minsk established.
- 1995 - Vladimir Yermoshin becomes mayor.[28]
- 1996
- November: "Chernobyl march."[34]
- National Academic Bolshoi Ballet Theatre of the Republic of Belarus and National Academic Opera Theatre of Belarus formed.
- 1999
- 30 May: Nyamiha metro disaster.[17]
- Moscow bus station (Minsk) built.
- 2000
- 15 March: Political demonstration held.[35]
- Mikhail Pavlov becomes mayor.[28]
- Darida Stadium opens.
21st century
2000s
- 2001 - March: Anti-Lukashenko demonstration.[23]
- 2002
- Minsk Passazhirsky railway station and Football Manege arena built.
- MKAD (Minsk) ring road rebuilt.
- Independence Square, Minsk reconstruction completed.
- October: Library of the Polish Institute in Minsk established.[36]
- 2004
- Kurapaty monument installed.
- IIHF World U18 Championships held.
- 2005 - 14 May: Water féerie demonstration.
- 2006
- March: Jeans Revolution.[23]
- November: Summit of Commonwealth of Independent States.
- National Library of Belarus building opens.
- 2007 - March: Anti-Lukashenko demonstration.[23]
- 2008 - 4 July: Bombing.
- 2009 - Ў Gallery founded.[37]
2010s
- 2010
- December: Post-election demonstration.[38][23]
- Minsk-Arena opens.
- Nikolai Aleksandrovich Ladutko becomes mayor.[28]
- 2011
- 11 April: Metro bombing.[23]
- Protests against Lukashenko regime.[39]
- 2012
- 4 July: Teddy bear airdrop.[40]
- Population: 1,901,700.
- 2014
- May: 2014 Ice Hockey World Championship held in city.[41]
- Andrei Shorets becomes mayor.[28]
- Population: 1,921,807 city; 2,101,018 metro.
- 2015 - 12 February: International meeting produces ceasefire agreement ("Minsk II") related to the War in Donbass.[42]
See also
- History of Minsk
- History of Minsk with timeline (in Belarusian Taraškievica)
- List of mayors of Minsk
References
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Britannica 1910.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Vitali Silitski; Jan Zaprudnik (2007). "Chronology". A to Z of Belarus. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-1-4617-3174-0.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 "About Minsk". Minsk.gov.by. Minsk City Executive Committee. Retrieved 30 September 2015.
- 1 2 Dodd, Mead 1905.
- ↑ "Minsk". Encyclopedia of Jews in Eastern Europe. Yivo Institute for Jewish Research. Retrieved 28 February 2015.
- ↑ "Chronology of Catholic Dioceses: Russia". Norway: Roman Catholic Diocese of Oslo. Retrieved 30 September 2015.
- ↑ Overall 1870.
- ↑ Jedidiah Morse; Richard C. Morse (1821), A New Universal Gazetteer, Or, Geographical Dictionary (3rd ed.), New Haven: S. Converse
- ↑ Conrad Malte-Brun (1827), Universal Geography, Philadelphia: A. Finley, OCLC 9262496, OL 23353752M
- 1 2 3 4 5 Liavon Yurevich (2010), "Belarus: Libraries", in Marcia J. Bates (ed.), Encyclopedia of Library and Information Sciences, Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press, ISBN 9780849397127
- ↑ John Thomson (1845), The new universal gazetteer and geographical dictionary, London: H.G. Bohn, OL 7229709M
- ↑ Baedeker 1914.
- ↑ Hunter, Brian; Paxton, John; Steinberg, S. H.; Epstein, Mortimer; Renwick, Isaac Parker Anderson; Keltie, John Scott; Martin, Frederick (1885). "Russia". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. hdl:2027/nyp.33433081590469.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 Vankarem Nikiforovich (1994). "Belarus". In Don Rubin; et al. (eds.). World Encyclopedia of Contemporary Theatre: Europe. Routledge. pp. 94–106. ISBN 9780415251570.
- ↑ James C. Docherty; Peter Lamb (2006). "Chronology". Historical Dictionary of Socialism (2nd ed.). Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-6477-1.
- ↑ "Russia: Principal Towns: European Russia". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1921. hdl:2027/njp.32101072368440.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 "Belarus". Political Chronology of Europe. Europa Publications. 2003. pp. 16+. ISBN 978-1-135-35687-3.
- ↑ Russia & Belarus. Lonely Planet. 2006. ISBN 978-1-74104-291-7.
- ↑ Wasilewski, Aleksander (2010). Polskie Konsulaty na Wschodzie 1918-1939 (in Polish, English, and Russian). Warszawa. p. 53. ISBN 978-83-7585-140-3.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ↑ "Garden Search". London: Botanic Gardens Conservation International. Retrieved 30 September 2015.
- ↑ "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1939" [Census of 1939], Demoscope Weekly (in Russian), ISSN 1726-2887
- ↑ Zbrodnia katyńska (in Polish). Warszawa: IPN. 2020. p. 17. ISBN 978-83-8098-825-5.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "Belarus Profile: Timeline", BBC News, 3 May 2012, retrieved 30 September 2015
- ↑ "Zwangsarbeitslager für Juden Mínsk". Bundesarchiv.de (in German). Retrieved 10 July 2022.
- 1 2 "German Stalag Camps". Retrieved 31 July 2022.
- ↑ Film and Television Collections in Europe: the MAP-TV Guide. Routledge. 1995. ISBN 978-1-135-37262-0.
- ↑ "Movie Theaters in Minsk, Belarus". CinemaTreasures.org. Los Angeles: Cinema Treasures LLC. Retrieved 30 September 2015.
- 1 2 3 4 5 "History of the Minsk City authorities since 1879". Minsk.gov.by. Retrieved 13 May 2013.
- ↑ Lee Harvey Oswald (10 July 1964), "Oswald Called It My 'Historic Diary' -- and It Is", Life, USA
- ↑ "Belarus". Europa World Year Book. Europa Publications. 2004. p. 729+. ISBN 978-1-85743-254-1.
- ↑ Henry W. Morton and Robert C. Stuart, ed. (1984). The Contemporary Soviet City. New York: M.E. Sharpe. p. 4. ISBN 978-0-87332-248-5.
- ↑ "Marchers in Minsk Demand Further Chernobyl Cleanup". New York Times. 1 October 1989.
- ↑ "Familiar Questions for Ancient Minsk", New York Times, 30 December 1991
- ↑ David R. Marples (2012). "Chronology". Belarus: A Denationalized Nation. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-134-41197-9.
- ↑ "Belarus: Chronology". Eastern Europe, Russia and Central Asia. Regional Surveys of the World. Europa Publications. 2002. pp. 132–136. ISBN 978-1-85743-137-7.
- ↑ "Biblioteka". Instytut Polski w Mińsku (in Polish). Retrieved 31 July 2022.
- ↑ "Belarus". Art Spaces Directory. New York: New Museum. Retrieved 30 September 2015.
- ↑ World Report 2012: Belarus. Human Rights Watch. 22 January 2012.
- ↑ "Hundreds arrested in Belarus at anti-Lukashenko rallies". BBC News. 7 July 2011.
- ↑ "Teddy Bears Fall From Sky, and Heads Roll in Minsk". New York Times. 1 August 2012.
- ↑ "An insider's cultural guide to Minsk", The Guardian, UK, 18 August 2015
- ↑ "Chronicle of 2015". Annual Register (257 ed.). UK. 2016. ISSN 0266-6170.
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This article incorporates information from the Belarusian Wikipedia and the Russian Wikipedia.
Bibliography
- William Henry Overall, ed. (1870). "Minsk, Russia". Dictionary of Chronology. London: William Tegg. hdl:2027/uc2.ark:/13960/t9m32q949.
- "Minsk", New International Encyclopaedia, New York: Dodd, Mead, 1905
- "Minsk", Jewish Encyclopedia, vol. 8, New York, 1906, hdl:2027/osu.32435029752870
{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 18 (11th ed.). 1910. p. 556.
- "Minsk". Russia. Leipzig: Karl Baedeker. 1914. OCLC 1328163.
External links
Media related to History of Minsk at Wikimedia Commons- Europeana. Items related to Minsk, various dates.
- Digital Public Library of America. Items related to Minsk, various dates
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