Pteryx UAV, with the camera mounted sideways.

Pteryx UAV[1] is a Polish Miniature UAV designed for civilian use. It is manufactured and sold by TriggerComposites.[2] The machine is both a flying RC model and pre-programmed vehicle. It was awarded the Innowator Podkarpacia medal for innovative design in the category of micro-enterprises of the Podkarpacie region in 2010.[3][4]

Origin

The Pteryx UAV uses a custom derivation of the FLEXIPILOT software, designed by Aerial Robotics engineering group[5] for photomapping purposes and civilian use.

The avionics and flying platform are capable of full operational capability without using an active transmitter or ground station.

Capabilities

Digital Surface Model of a motorway interchange construction site.
Bezmiechowa airfield 3D Digital Surface Model
4.5km2 ortophotomap extracted from data collected during 1h flight
  • Delivering data for precision agriculture obtaining surface maps using mosaicking software
  • Construction site and long-range linear mapping (up to around 40 km both ways with 2h flight time, reserve included)[7]
  • Carrying custom research equipment

The camera mount contains either pre-installed compact digital camera, or can be exchanged for other equipment.

The camera can be mounted down-looking (nadir photography) or side-looking (oblique photography).

The whole head can be tilted in flight using RC transmitter, while reducing stabilization travel to one of the sides.

Features

Features included are:

  • Flying multiple missions per day without reprogramming the autopilot (the waypoints being selected by mission selector and evaluated relative to takeoff)
  • Exchangeable mission package
  • Single button operation
  • Fully enclosed camera head
  • Ability to accommodate a weight range 200g-1000g
  • Takeoff: using bungee, or bungee with rails.
  • Landing: using parachute deployed automatically.

Precision

(manufacturer's data)

The aircraft provides positions of the photos taken; more than 8000 events can be recorded. Ground-projected positions include the following errors:

  • GPS position error up to 5m.
  • Altitude drift (up to 5m per 1 hour of flight)
  • Camera head stabilization precision (transients up to 5°)
  • Fuselage pitch due to turbulence (up to 8° during hot weather, typically 2° in winter)
  • Camera mounting error (typically 1-4° if not calibrated)
  • Heading/yaw error (the aircraft performs crabbing in presence of wind)

Typical orthophoto map precision (mean reprojection errors):

  • 10 cm horizontal
  • 30 cm vertical
  • around 2.5m global shift to be removed with a few locally measured points

Data processing strategies

Several data processing approaches are possible depending on application:

  • Direct photo examination
  • Non-georeferenced image stitching using free software
  • Using free 3D modelling services, as mentioned in examples section
  • Importing each photo as ground overlay in Google Earth (semi-automatic with supplied software)
  • Using pre-paid service based on cloud computing, yielding a result in hours (delivers Orto photomap and optionally DSM)
  • Local processing using specialized GIS software created specifically for large scale image mosaicking (delivers Orto photomap and optionally DSM)

Aircraft components

  • Fuselage
  • 3-section wings with mounting screws
  • Horizontal stabilizer section
  • Parachute

Other required equipment

General characteristics

Masses:

Dimensions:[8][9]

V speeds:

  • VC: around 50 km/h
  • VS: 34–38 km/h depending on TOW
  • VA: 120 km/h
  • VNE: 160 km/h

Flight altitude:

Handling:

References

  1. ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 12 January 2012. Retrieved 12 May 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  2. ↑ "Trigger Composites". www.t-cs.pl. Retrieved 4 January 2023.
  3. ↑ S.A, Telewizja Polska. "https://rzeszow.tvp.pl/272351/rzeszow". rzeszow.tvp.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 4 January 2023. {{cite web}}: External link in |title= (help)
  4. ↑ "Laureaci i Wyróżnieni w konkursie Innowator Podkarpacia 2010". www.archiwum.podkarpackie.pl. Retrieved 28 October 2020.
  5. ↑ "Pteryx UAV". www6.aerialrobotics.eu. Archived from the original on 10 September 2010. Retrieved 4 January 2023.
  6. ↑ "Bezmiechowa 3D digital elevation model (AerialRobotics and CMP SfM Web Service)". Archived from the original on 20 July 2011. Retrieved 15 January 2011.
  7. ↑ Motorway mapping mission (YouTube video)
  8. ↑ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 September 2011. Retrieved 7 March 2011.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  9. ↑ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 September 2011. Retrieved 7 March 2011.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
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