Portal:Beer

Homebrew beer The Beer Portal A beer keg

Introduction

At the Café by Édouard Manet, circa 1879

Beer is one of the oldest types of alcoholic drinks in the world, and the most widely consumed. It is the third most popular drink overall after potable water and tea. It is produced by the brewing and fermentation of starches, mainly derived from cereal grains—most commonly malted barley, though wheat, maize (corn), rice, and oats are also used. During the brewing process, fermentation of the starch sugars in the wort produces ethanol and carbonation in the resulting beer. Most modern beer is brewed with hops, which add bitterness and other flavours and act as a natural preservative and stabilising agent. Other flavouring agents such as gruit, herbs, or fruits may be included or used instead of hops. In commercial brewing, the natural carbonation effect is often removed during processing and replaced with forced carbonation.

Some of humanity's earliest known writings refer to the production and distribution of beer: the Code of Hammurabi included laws regulating beer and beer parlours, and "The Hymn to Ninkasi", a prayer to the Mesopotamian goddess of beer, served as both a prayer and as a method of remembering the recipe for beer in a culture with few literate people.

Beer is distributed in bottles and cans and is also commonly available on draught, particularly in pubs and bars. The brewing industry is a global business, consisting of several dominant multinational companies and many thousands of smaller producers ranging from brewpubs to regional breweries. The strength of modern beer is usually around 4% to 6% alcohol by volume (ABV), although it may vary between 0.5% and 20%, with some breweries creating examples of 40% ABV and above.

Beer forms part of the culture of many nations and is associated with social traditions such as beer festivals, as well as a rich pub culture involving activities like pub crawling, pub quizzes and pub games.

When beer is distilled, the resulting liquor is a form of whisky. (Full article...)

Selected articles -

Image 1

The Beer Party (German: die Bierpartei, BIER) is an Austrian minor party and satirical party. Founded in 2014, it was originally known as the Beer Party of Austria (Bierpartei Österreich) and used the corresponding abbreviation BPÖ until its renaming in 2020. The party's activity is confined to Vienna, where BIER first appeared on ballots in the 2019 Austrian legislative election and appeared again in the 2020 Viennese state election. As of 2020, it has been unable to amass the votes required for representation in the National Council, Federal Council, or the Landtage, claiming 0.6% of Viennese votes in 2019 and 1.8% in 2020. However, the party was able to win mandates in 11 of Vienna's districts. The party is organized purely at the federal level without state parties. (Full article...)
Image 2
A yard of ale

A yard of ale or yard glass is a very tall beer glass used for drinking around 2+1⁄2 imperial pints (1.4 L) of beer, depending upon the diameter.

The glass is approximately 1 yard (91.4 cm) long, shaped with a bulb at the bottom, and a widening shaft, which constitutes most of the height. (Full article...)
Image 3
A small flight of three beers, meant to sample several styles in one sitting

Beer styles differentiate and categorise beers by colour, flavour, strength, ingredients, production method, recipe, history, or origin.

The modern concept of beer styles is largely based on the work of writer Michael Jackson in his 1977 book The World Guide To Beer. In 1989, Fred Eckhardt furthered Jackson's work publishing The Essentials of Beer Style. Although the systematic study of beer styles is a modern phenomenon, the practice of distinguishing between different varieties of beer is ancient, dating to at least 2000 BC. (Full article...)
Image 4
Beer glassware (from left to right): Pilstulpe, tasting glass, snifter, Willibecher

Beer glassware comprise vessels made of glass, designed or commonly used for serving and drinking beer. Styles of glassware vary in accord with national or regional traditions; legal or customary requirements regarding serving measures and fill lines; such practicalities as breakage avoidance in washing, stacking or storage; commercial promotion by breweries; artistic or cultural expression in folk art or as novelty items or usage in drinking games; or to complement, to enhance, or to otherwise affect a particular type of beer's temperature, appearance and aroma, as in the case of its head.
Drinking vessels intended for beer are made from a variety of materials other than glass, including pottery, pewter, and wood. (Full article...)
Image 5
Swiss hemp beer Appenzeller Hanfblüte

Hemp beer (German: Hanfbier) is a form of beer infused with elements of the cannabis plant. Hemp beer is not brewed from hemp directly, but hemp products such as seeds are a later flavoring addition.

American breweries producing hemp beer include the Humboldt Brewing Company and Limestone Brewing Company. Canadian microbrewery Cool Beer Brewing Company produces Millennium Buzz Hemp Beer. (Full article...)
Image 6
Steam beer is made by fermenting lager yeast at a warmer than normal temperature.

Historically steam beer came from Bavaria, Germany, and is associated with San Francisco and the West Coast of the United States. It was an improvised process, originating out of necessity, and was considered a cheap, low-quality beer, as shown by references to it in literature of the 1890s and 1900s. (Full article...)
Image 7
A glass of real ale from an English pub

Ale is a type of beer originated in medieval England, brewed using a warm fermentation method resulting in a sweet, full-bodied and fruity taste. Historically, the term referred to a drink brewed without hops.

As with most beers, ale typically has a bittering agent to balance the malt and act as a preservative. Ale was originally bittered with gruit, a mixture of herbs or spices boiled in the wort before fermentation. Later, hops replaced gruit as the bittering agent. (Full article...)
Image 8
Label of Free Beer 3.2.

Free Beer is a beer brand collaboration developed by IT University of Copenhagen students and the artist collective Superflex. The brand’s recipe is published under a Creative Commons license, granting everyone the right to freely use, study, modify, and distribute the recipe.

Launched in 2004, the project was created to support the public distribution of intellectual property in the world of commerce, and is often raised as ab example of free software principles outside the digital world. (Full article...)
Image 9
A glass of porter, showing characteristic dark body

Porter is a style of beer that was developed in London, England in the early 18th century. It is well-hopped and dark in appearance owing to the use of brown malt. The name is believed to have originated from its popularity with porters.

The popularity of porter was significant. It became the first beer style to be brewed around the world, and production had commenced in Ireland, North America, Sweden, and Russia by the end of the 18th century. (Full article...)
Image 10
Pilsner Urquell

Beer (Czech: pivo) has a long history in what is now the Czech Republic, with brewing taking place in Břevnov Monastery in 993. The city of Brno had the right to brew beer from the 12th century, while Plzeň and České Budějovice (Pilsen and Budweis in German), had breweries in the 13th century.

The most common Czech beers are pale lagers of the pilsner type, with a characteristic transparent golden colour, high foaminess, and lighter flavour. The Czech Republic has the highest beer consumption per capita in the world. (Full article...)
Image 11
Tour of Lonerider Brewing, Raleigh, North Carolina

Craft beer tourism refers to tourism where the primary motivation of travel is to visit a brewery, beer festival, beer related activity or other event that allows attendees to experience all aspects of the craft beer-making, consuming and purchasing process. Travel and tourism constitute one of the largest industries in the world, with Americans spending a total of $1.1 trillion in domestic and international travel in 2018. The beer tourism industry has evolved from the larger culinary and beverage tourism category in which people began planning travels based around experiencing food and drink of different geographies. Informally, vacations centric to the theme of enjoying beer have been dubbed "beercations". (Full article...)
Image 12

Hardcore IPA from BrewDog

India pale ale (IPA) is a hoppy beer style within the broader category of pale ale.

The style of pale ale which became known as India pale ale was widespread in England by 1815, and would grow in popularity, notably as an export beer shipped to India (which was under the control of the British East India Company until 1858) and elsewhere. (Full article...)
Image 13
San Miguel Pale Pilsen

Beer in the Philippines is mainly produced by two large breweries, San Miguel Corporation, which produces San Miguel Pale Pilsen, and Asia Brewery, the country's second-largest brewery. In addition there are a number of microbreweries across the nation.

Beer is the most-consumed alcoholic beverage in the Philippines and amounts to a 70% share of the domestic alcoholic drink market in terms of volume during 2005. Between 2003 and 2004, the Philippines showed the world's fastest growth rate of 15.6%. With a consumption rise from 1.22 to 1.41 million liters, it was the 22nd largest beer market in the world in 2004. A Filipino will drink almost 20 litres of beer on average a year. (Full article...)
Image 14
Horse Shoe Brewery, London, c. 1800

The London Beer Flood was an accident at Meux & Co's Horse Shoe Brewery, London, on 17 October 1814. It took place when one of the 22-foot-tall (6.7 m) wooden vats of fermenting porter burst. The escaping liquid dislodged the valve of another vessel and destroyed several large barrels: between 128,000 and 323,000 imperial gallons (580,000–1,470,000 L; 154,000–388,000 US gal) of beer were released in total.

The resulting wave of porter destroyed the back wall of the brewery and swept into an area of slum dwellings known as the St Giles rookery. Eight people were killed, five of them mourners at the wake being held by an Irish family for a two-year-old boy. The coroner's inquest returned a verdict that the eight had lost their lives "casually, accidentally and by misfortune". The brewery was nearly bankrupted by the event; it avoided collapse after a rebate from HM Excise on the lost beer. The brewing industry gradually stopped using large wooden vats after the accident. The brewery moved in 1921, and the Dominion Theatre is now where the brewery used to stand. Meux & Co went into liquidation in 1961. (Full article...)
Image 15
Hofbräuhaus am Platzl, Munich

The Hofbräuhaus am Platzl is a beer hall in Munich, Bavaria, Germany, originally built in 1589 by Bavarian Duke Maximilian I as an extension of the Staatliches Hofbräuhaus in München brewery. The general public was admitted in 1828 by Ludwig I. The building was completely remodeled in 1897 by Max Littmann when the brewery moved to the suburbs. All of the rooms except the historic beer hall ("Schwemme") were destroyed in the World War II bombings. The reopening of the Festival Hall in 1958 marked the end of the post-war restoration work. (Full article...)

Selected brand -

A case of 30 cans of Schaefer Beer

Schaefer Beer is a brand of American beer first produced in New York City during 1842 by the F. & M. Schaefer Brewing Company. The company relocated to Brooklyn in the early 20th century. It went public in 1968 with a $106 million stock offering.

In order to expand capacity for regional sales and fend off competition from national brands, Schaefer began construction of a large modern brewery in Fogelsville, Pennsylvania (near Allentown) that same year. Known as the Lehigh Valley Plant, it opened in 1972. In 1974, it was expanded from its original 1,100,000 barrels-per-year capacity to 2,500,000 and then, then enlarged again in 1975 to over 5,000,000 barrels. (Full article...)

List of selected brands

Selected biography -

William Knapman (4 December 1830 – 24 June 1908) was a hotel owner, brewer and businessman in the young colony of South Australia. He founded the hotel owning firm of Knapman and Son which survived past the mid-20th century. His descendants included four of South Australia's most famous sportsmen, a well-known pianist and numerous publicans. (Full article...)

List of selected biographies

Did you know (auto-generated) -

... that at the 1965 World Pentathlon Championships, Herbert Polzhuber was said to have drunk ten beers and a bottle of cognac before firing his pistol at the ground and passing out?
... that the country song "Beer Beer, Truck Truck" was based on a viral TikTok video by Erynn Chambers intended to satirize country music?
... that the debate in "Game On" invokes the beer question?
... that Jaega Wise co-hosted the television series Beer Masters alongside musician James Blunt?
... that brewer Sophie de Ronde is allergic to most beer?
... that 100 beerhouses were licensed in Brighton (population 40,000) in the first week after the Beerhouse Act 1830 was enacted?

Selected brewery -

The Appeltofftska brewery in Halmstad, Sweden

Krönleins Brewery (Appeltofftska Bryggeri AB) is a Swedish brewery founded in 1836 by Anders Julius Appeltofft in Halmstad, Sweden.

Krönleins Brewery was founded on February 15th 1836 when grocery businessman Anders Julius Appeltofft bought an old half-timbered hospital, or "curhuset", at Stora Torg in Halmstad, Sweden, and converted it into an office and a bar. The beer was brewed in the building next door. For the first ten years he made Svensköl, a traditional sweet, low alcohol Swedish beer. Today the house is a café and is in excellent condition due to a complete renovation in 2004.

In the beginning the business was quite modest. Every step in the production process was done manually. For instance the malt mill and the waterpump were worked manually which must have been very hard work. In 1849 new ground was bought, situated a couple of hundred meters from the brewery. On the new ground there was an old bastion from early 17th century, placed next to the old moat. The purpose of the bastion was to protect the town from enemies from the west - hence the name "Wester Katt". Remains of the old city defense wall can still be seen in Krönleins's Pub. The purchase of the ground had two purposes. An ice cellar was built and control was gained over the water supply. A malting for the production of malt was also built. Below the bastion was a well with spring water, where many citizens in Halmstad fetched their water. The water was of very high quality - pure with a fresh natural taste. It is from this well that Krönleins has taken its water since the start in 1836. If you use your imagination you can picture how the water was put into huge barrels and then taken by horse carriage through town. (Full article...)

More selected breweries

Selected image -

Interior view of the Toll Gate Saloon, Black Hawk, Colorado.

Bar (establishment)

Credit: Unknown

Interior view of the Toll Gate Saloon, Black Hawk, Colorado; shows arched entry windows, swinging front doors, stove in front left foreground, wooden floor with stains, and calendar from 1897 on entryway wall. Three men occupy the saloon. One bartender stands behind the bar; two others stand in front of the bar. The man in the foreground has his foot on the bar rail and holds a cigar. The man to the rear leans on the bar and holds a beer in his right hand. Three mounted animal heads are over the center mirror; liquor bottles line the shelves on either side of the mirror behind the bartender. Brass spittoon appears on floor. "Bayle's Salted Buttercorn, St. Louis" sign appears in the foreground.

General images

The following are images from various beer- and brewing-related articles on Wikipedia.

Image 1Irish Craft Beer Festival, 2015 (from Craft beer)
Image 2
Jämtland
Påsköl
(from Craft beer)
Image 3D. G. Yuengling & Son is the oldest operating brewing company in the US, established in 1829. It is also the largest craft brewer, and the 6th largest brewing company overall. (from Craft beer)
Image 4
Schouskjelleren
Garden of Eden
(from Craft beer)
Image 5Zoigl beers from the communal brewhouses of Oberpfalz in Germany (from Craft beer)
Image 6Lauter tun (from Brewing)
Image 7Steamworks Brewing, Vancouver (from Craft beer)
Image 8A growler of beer from Flounder Brewing, a nanobrewery in New Jersey, US (from Craft beer)
Image 9Cask ales with gravity dispense at a beer festival (from Brewing)
Image 10A funerary model of a bakery and brewery, from the Eleventh dynasty of Egypt, c. 2009–1998 BCE (from History of beer)
Image 11Robohop, a session IPA from Cervisiam in Oslo, Norway (from Craft beer)
Image 12A selection of French craft beers (from Craft beer)
Image 13Bottling beer in a modern facility, 1945, Australia (from History of beer)
Image 14A can of Juicy Ass IPA from Flying Monkeys Craft Brewery in Barrie, Ontario, Canada (from Craft beer)
Image 15Rock mortars in Raqefet Cave, used to make beer during the Stone Age. (from History of beer)
Image 16Bill Urquhart at Litchborough Brewery (from Craft beer)
Image 17
Bryghuset Svaneke
Guld
(from Craft beer)
Image 18
Nøgne Ø
IPA
(from Craft beer)
Image 19BrewDog bar in Cardiff, Wales (from Craft beer)
Image 20A 16th-century brewery (from Brewing)
Image 21A beer sommelier tapping a barrel for a taste at Nebraska Brewing Company (from Craft beer)
Image 22A 16th-century brewery (from History of beer)
Image 23Smoked beer from the Schlenkerla brewpub in Bamberg, Germany (from Craft beer)
Image 24Modern closed fermentation vessels (from Brewing)
Image 25A replica of ancient Egyptian beer, brewed from emmer wheat by the Courage brewery in 1996 (from History of beer)
Image 26Diatomaceous earth, used to create a filtration bed (from Brewing)
Image 27Pasteur Street Brewing,
Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam (from Craft beer)
Image 28Bergenhus microbrewery, Bergen, Norway (from Craft beer)
Image 29Castaña, a smoked beer with chestnuts from Cerex in Extremadura, Spain (from Craft beer)
Image 30Dogo Beer from Minakuchi-shuzō microbrewery in Matsuyama, Japan (from Craft beer)
Image 31Brew kettles at Brasserie La Choulette in France (from Brewing)
Image 32Open vessels showing fermentation taking place (from Brewing)
Image 33Malted barley before kilning or roasting (from Brewing)
Image 34Great Leap Brewing operates a chain of brewpubs in China (from Craft beer)
Image 35Põhjala Brewery, Estonia (from Craft beer)
Image 36Conditioning tanks at Anchor Brewing Company (from Brewing)
Image 37The Caledonian Brewery, founded in 1869, Edinburgh, Scotland (from History of beer)
Image 38The Alulu beer receipt records a purchase of "best" beer from a brewer, c. 2050 BC from the Sumerian city of Umma in Mesopotamia (ancient Iraq). (from Brewing)
Image 39A hydrometer measures beer's specific gravity (from History of beer)
Image 40Casks of real ale from British microbreweries at a beer festival (from Craft beer)
Image 41Alulu beer receipt recording a purchase of "best" beer from a brewer, c. 2050 BCE, from the Sumerian city of Umma in ancient Iraq. (from History of beer)
Image 42A mash tun at the Bass Museum in Burton-upon-Trent (from Brewing)
Image 43
Haandbryggeriet
Haandbic
(from Craft beer)
Image 44Mexican craft beer from Tequixquiac in Zumpango Region (from Craft beer)
Image 45Traditional fermenting building (center) and modern fermenting building (left) in Pilsner Urquell Brewery (Czech Republic) (from History of beer)
Image 46Microbreweries, regional breweries, and brew pubs per capita (from Craft beer)
Image 47
Närke
Stormaktsporter
(from Craft beer)
Image 48Spontaneous fermentation at Timmermans in Belgium (from Brewing)
Image 49World beer consumption per capita (from History of beer)
Image 50Yeast ring used by Swedish homebrewers in the 19th century to preserve the yeast between brewing sessions. (from History of beer)
Image 51Craft brewing at Allagash in Portland, Maine (from Craft beer)
Image 52Spent grain, a brewing by-product (from Brewing)
Image 53Yard of ale at
Jolly Brewery, Taiwan (from Craft beer)
Image 54Gambrinus – king of beer (from History of beer)
Image 55
Mikkeller
Beer Geek Breakfast
(from Craft beer)
Image 56Hop cone grown in a hop field, Hallertau, Germany (from Brewing)

Beer topics

Selected quote -

“

Give me a woman who truly loves beer, and I will conquer the world.

”

— Wilhelm_II_of_Germany

Related portals

Beer lists

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WikiProjects

WikiProject Beer is an association of Wikipedians with an interest in beer and beer-related subjects. They have come together to coordinate the development of beer and brewery articles here on Wikipedia. Additionally, other groups have formed other projects that entertain subjects that are directly related to beer, bartending and pubs. Additionally, the mixed drinks project covers topics that include beer cocktails. If any of these subjects pique your interest, please feel free to visit their projects. These groups would love to have you participate!

Parent project: WikiProject Food and Drink	view
Child projects:	Task forces: (All inactive)
Wikiproject Bacon (inactive) WikiProject Bartending (inactive) WikiProject Beer WikiProject Breakfast (inactive) WikiProject Fishing and Fisheries WikiProject Spirits (semi-active) Wikiproject Wine (inactive)	Beverages task force Cheeses task force Coffee and Tea task force Desserts task force Foodservice task force Herbs and Spices task force Pub task force
Related projects:
WikiProject Agriculture

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