Iquicha War of 1825–1828

Map of the Intendancy of Huamanga
DateMarch 1825–June 1828
Location
Intendancy of Huamanga, Peru
Result Republican victory
Belligerents
 Peru Peru Indigenous loyalists
Commanders and leaders
Peru Andrés de Santa Cruz
Peru Juan Pardo de Zela
Peru Francisco de Paula Otero
Peru Domingo Tristán		 Peru Antonio Huachaca
Peru Nicolás Soregui  (POW)
Prudencio Huachaca  †

The Iquicha War of 1825–1828 was a rebellion that broke out between 1825 and 1828 between local royalist peasants from Huanta known as Iquichanos and the army of the newly formed Peruvian Republic. The war ended with a Republican victory

History

After the crushing defeat in the Battle of Ayacucho in December 1824, all Spanish troops had left Peru, except for the garrison at Callao. However, the Iquicha peasants from Huanta, remained loyal to the Spanish King and rebelled on three occasions against the new Peruvian Republic.[1]

The first uprisings occurred in March and December 1825, but were easily subdued by the huge contingent of the Peruvian army that was still in the area. In January 1826, the Peruvian prefect of the area, General Juan Pardo de Zela, organized a punitive expedition, which only managed to harden their resistance.[2]

A second uprising occured on 5 June 1826, after the Republican army had dispersed throughout Peru. The rebels attacked Huanta, under the command of Antonio Huachaca and the former soldier and then Spanish merchant Nicolás Soregui (or Zoregui). Shortly after, on 6 July, two regiments of the Hussars of Junín stationed in Huancayo mutinied and joined the rebels, encouraging them to assault Ayacucho. Eventually they were repelled by the local garrison.[3]

The third uprising took place at the beginning of October 1827, where Huachaca once again mobilized the population in favor of the Spanish King.[4] On 12 November, Huachaca's forces came out of the mountains and attacked and took Huanta. When they also attacked Ayacucho on 29 November, they were defeated by troops under command of Prefect Domingo Tristán.

An other battle was fought in Uchuraccay, on 25 March 1828, when the Peruvians under command of Gabriel Quintanilla, defeated an Iquicha force during the "Pacification" phase, also known as the War of the Punas.[5] Prudencio Huachaca, brother of Antonio Huachaca, was killed in this battle.

See for more details

References

  1. ↑ Lineas del tiempo
  2. ↑ Husson, 1992: 24
  3. ↑ Bonilla Mayta, 1996: 145; Husson, 1992: 26
  4. ↑ Galdo, 1968: 44
  5. ↑ Husson, 1992: 39, 45

Sources

  • Husson, Patrick : DE LA GUERRA A LA REBELIÓN (HUANTA, SIGLO XIX)
  • Galdo Gutiérrez, Virgilio (1992). Ayacucho: conflictos y pobreza, historia regional (siglos XVI-XIX). Ayacucho: Universidad Nacional San Cristóbal de Huamanga.
  • Bonilla, Heraclio (1996). "La oposición de los campesinos indios a la República peruana: Iquicha, 1827". Anuario Colombiano de Historia Social y de la Cultura. No. 23. Departamento de Historia de Universidad Nacional de Colombia: 143-157
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