Hydronium perchlorate
Names
Other names
  • Oxonium perchlorate
  • Perchloric acid monohydrate
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
  • InChI=1S/ClHO4.H2O/c2-1(3,4)5;/h(H,2,3,4,5);1H2
    Key: AIUIJBDEQKTMHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N
  • [OH3+].[O-][Cl](=O)(=O)=O
Properties
[H3O]ClO4
Molar mass 118.47 g·mol−1
Appearance Colorless solid
Density 1.96 g/cm3
Structure[1]
Orthorhombic
Pnma
a = 9.2343 Å, b = 5.8178 Å, c = 7.4606 Å
Related compounds
Other anions
 Hydronium chloride
Other cations
 Perchloric acid
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references

Hydronium perchlorate is an inorganic chemical compound with the chemical formula [H3O]ClO4. It is an unusual salt due to it being a solid and stable hydronium salt. It consists of hydronium cations [H3O]+ and perchlorate anions ClO−4.

Production

Hydronium perchlorate is produced by the reaction of anhydrous perchloric acid and water in a 1:1 molar ratio:[2]

HClO4 + H2O → [H3O]+ClO−4

A more analytically reliable method was reported using the macrocyclic Schiff base of sodium 2,6-diformyl-4-methylphenolate and 2,6-diformyl-4-methylphenol as a chelating agent to sequester Cu(II): transmetallation of the macrocycle with copper(II) perchlorate yielded colorless crystals of hydronium perchlorate. [1]

It can also be produced by the reaction of anhydrous nitric acid and perchloric acid.[3]

References

  1. 1 2 Azhar A Rahman; Anwar Usman; Suchada Chantrapromma; Hoong-Kun Fun (2003). "Redetermination of hydronium perchlorate at 193 and 293 K". Acta Crystallographica C. 59 (Pt 9): i92-4. doi:10.1107/s0108270103010461. PMID 12944636.
  2. ↑ C. E. Nordman (1962). "The crystal structure of hydronium perchlorate at -80°C". Acta Crystallographica. 15: 18–23. doi:10.1107/S0365110X62000055.
  3. ↑ Kenneth Schofield (1980). "3". Aromatic nitration. Cambridge University Press. p. 30. ISBN 9780521233620.
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