A corynebacteriophage (or just corynephage) is a DNA-containing bacteriophage specific for bacteria of genus Corynebacterium as its host.[1] Corynebacterium diphtheriae virus[2] strain Corynebacterium diphtheriae phage[2] (aka Corynephage β[3] or just β-phage[4][5]) introduces toxigenicity into strains of Corynebacterium diphtheriae as it encodes diphtheria toxin,[6][7][8][5][4] it has subtypes beta c and beta vir.[9] According to proposed taxonomic classification, corynephages β and ω are unclassified members of the genus Lambdavirus, family Siphoviridae.[3][10]

Corynebacterium diphtheriae. From BIODIC.
Phase contrast of "Corynebacterium glutamicum"

Corynebacteriaceae represents a family of gram-positive aerobic bacteria, within the phylum Actinobacteria and are important members of the human microbiome. This family comprises two genera: Corynebacterium and Turicella[11].

Corynebacteriophage play a crucial role in the ecology and evolution of Corynebacterium species. They are viruses that specifically target and infect these bacteria, injecting their genetic material into the bacterial host and using the host's cellular machinery to replicate and produce more phages. The study of corynebacteriophages is important not only for understanding the biology of these viruses but also for potential applications in biotechnology, such as using phages for bacterial control.

References

  1. ↑ NCBI: Corynephages (list)
  2. 1 2 NCBI: Corynebacterium diphtheriae virus/phage (species)
  3. 1 2 NCBI: Corynephage beta (species)
  4. 1 2 SIB: Modulation of host virulence by virus. Expasy: ViralZone. Accessed 18 Feb 2021
  5. 1 2 SIB: Viral exotoxin. Expasy: ViralZone. Accessed 18 Feb 2021
  6. ↑ Julie K. Segman, ed. (2006). Stedman's Medical Dictionary (28th ed.). Baltimore, Maryland: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. 449. ISBN 978-0-7817-3390-8.
  7. ↑ TABLE 1. Bacterial virulence properties altered by bacteriophages from Wagner PL, Waldor MK (August 2002). "Bacteriophage control of bacterial virulence". Infection and Immunity. 70 (8): 3985–93. doi:10.1128/IAI.70.8.3985-3993.2002. PMC 128183. PMID 12117903.
  8. ↑ L. P. Johnson, M. A. Tomai, P. M. Schlievert: Bacteriophage Involvement in Group A Streptococcal Pyrogenic Exotoxin A Production. In: Journal Of Bacteriology, Volume 166, No. 2, May 1986, pp 623-627
  9. ↑ Costa, J. J.; Michel, J. L.; Rappuoli, R; Murphy, J. R. (1981). "Restriction map of corynebacteriophages beta c and beta vir and physical localization of the diphtheria tox operon". Journal of Bacteriology. 148 (1): 124–30. doi:10.1128/JB.148.1.124-130.1981. PMC 216174. PMID 6270058.
  10. ↑ NCBI: Corynephage omega (species)
  11. ↑ Spinler, Jennifer K. (2013), Nelson, Karen E. (ed.), "Corynebacteriaceae", Encyclopedia of Metagenomics, New York, NY: Springer, pp. 1–8, doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-6418-1_444-2, ISBN 978-1-4614-6418-1, retrieved 2023-12-05
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