| Bostobe Formation | |
|---|---|
| Stratigraphic range: Santonian-early Campanian ~ | |
| Type | Geological formation |
| Underlies | Akzhar Formation |
| Overlies | Zhirkindek Formation |
| Thickness | About 45 m (148 ft) |
| Lithology | |
| Primary | Sandstone |
| Other | Claystone |
| Location | |
| Coordinates | 45°54′N 64°42′E / 45.9°N 64.7°E |
| Approximate paleocoordinates | 38°42′N 58°00′E / 38.7°N 58.0°E |
| Region | Qaraghandy & Qyzylorda |
| Country |  Kazakhstan |
| Type section | |
| Named for | Bostobe River |
  Bostobe Formation (Kazakhstan) | |
The Bostobe Formation (Kazakh: Boztóbe svıtasy) is a geological formation in Qaraghandy & Qyzylorda, Kazakhastan whose strata date back to the Late Cretaceous (Santonian to early Campanian stages, approximately 85 Ma).
The sandstones and claystones of the formation were deposited in estuarine, fluvial-lacustrine and fluvial-deltaic environments.
Dinosaur remains are among the fossils that have been recovered from the formation.[1] The formation is about 45 metres (148 ft) thick and consists primarily of clay with interbeds of sand, representing an estuarine environment.[2]
Fossil content
Khunnuchelys lophorhothon, a trionychid turtle recovered from the formation, was initially thought to belong to a hadrosaurid dinosaur and classified as cf. Lophorhothon sp.[3]
- Mammals
- Ankylosaurs
- Ankylosauridae indet.
- Ornithopods
- Sauropods
- Titanosauridae indet.
- Sauropoda indet.
- Theropods
- Caenagnathidae indet.
- Troodontidae indet.[6]
- Therizinosauria indet.[6]
- Ornithomimidae indet.[6]
- Tyrannosauroidea indet.
- Pterosaurs
- Turtles
- Adocus foveatus
- Anatolemys maximus
- Khunnuchelys lophorhothon[3]
- Lindholmemys gravis
- Shachemys baibolatica
- Trionyx kansaiensis, T. onomatoplokos, T. riabinini
- Other reptiles
- Bishara backa
- Amphibians
- Fish
- Flora
See also
References
Bibliography
- Averianov, A. 2016. Frontal bones of non-avian theropod dinosaurs from the Upper Cretaceous (Santonian-?Campanian) Bostobe Formation of the northeastern Aral Sea region, Kazakhstan. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 53. 168–175. Accessed 2020-03-23.
- Danilov, Igor G.; Natasha S. Vitek; Alexander O. Averianov, and Vadim N. Glinskiy. 2015. A new softshelled trionychid turtle of the genus Khunnuchelys from the Upper Cretaceous Bostobe Formation of Kazakhstan. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 60. 155–161. Accessed 2020-03-23. doi:10.4202/app.2013.0045
- Averianov, A.O.; J.D. Archibald; P.P. Skutschas, and G.J. Dyke. 2014a. New mammal remains from the Late Cretaceous Bostobe Formation (northeast Aral Sea Region, Kazakhstan). Palaeoworld 23. 314–320. Accessed 2020-03-23.
- Averianov, A.; J.D. Archibald, and G.J. Dyke. 2014b. A new eutherian mammal from the Late Cretaceous of Kazakhstan. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 59. 537–542. Accessed 2020-03-23.
- Averianov, A.O. 2004. New Data on Cretaceous Flying Reptiles (Pterosauria) of Russia, Kazakhstan, and Kyrgyzstan. Paleontological Journal 38. 426–436. .
- Weishampel, David B.; Peter Dodson, and Halszka Osmólska (eds.). 2004. The Dinosauria, 2nd edition, 1–880. Berkeley: University of California Press. Accessed 2019-02-21. ISBN 0-520-24209-2
- Kordikova, E.G.; P.D. Polly; V.A. Alifanov; Z. Roček; G.F. Gunnell, and A.O. Averianov. 2001. Small vertebrates from the late Cretaceous and early Tertiary of the northeastern Aral Sea region, Kazakhstan. Journal of Paleontology 75(2). 390–400. . doi:10.1017/S0022336000018187 ISSN 0022-3360
Further reading
- A. O. Averianov. 2007. Theropod dinosaurs from Late Cretaceous deposits in the northeastern Aral Sea region, Kazakhstan. Cretaceous Research 28:532-544
- E. G. Kordikova, S. M. Kurzanov, and G. F. Gunnell. 1997. Unusual dinosaur claw phalanxes from the Upper Cretaceous of the northeastern Aral Sea region, Kazakhstan. Journal of Morphology 232(3):278
- L. A. Nessov. 1995. Dinozavri severnoi Yevrazii: Novye dannye o sostave kompleksov, ekologii i paleobiogeografii [Dinosaurs of northern Eurasia: new data about assemblages, ecology, and paleobiogeography]. Institute for Scientific Research on the Earth's Crust, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg 1-156
- L. A. Nessov. 1988. Late Mesozoic amphibians and lizards of Soviet Middle Asia. Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia 31(14):475-486
- L. A. Nessov. 1984. Data on late Mesozoic turtles from the USSR. Studia Geologica Salamanticensia, vol. especial 1 (Studia Palaeocheloniologica I) 1:215-223
- L. A. Nessov. 1981. Amfibii i reptilii v ekosistemakh Mela sredney Azii [Amphibia and reptiles in Cretaceous ecosystems of central Asia]. In I. V. Darevsky (ed.), The Problems of Herpetology. Fifth Herpetological Conference. Abstracts 91-92
- A. K. Rozhdestvensky. 1964. Novye dannye o mestonakhozhdeniyakh dinozavrov na territorii Kazakhstana i Srednei Azii [New data on occurrences of dinosaurs in Kazakhstan and Central Asia]. Tashkentskii Gosudarstvennyi Universitet, Nauchnye Trudy: Geologiya [Tashkent State University, Scientific Publications: Geology] 234:227-241
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