venger
English
    
    
Noun
    
venger (plural vengers)
- Obsolete form of avenger.
- 1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book I, Canto III”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:- His bleeding hart is in the vengers hand, / Who streight him rent in thousand peeces small
 
- 1891, Rudyard Kipling, The Mutiny of the Mavericks:- And the hand of the venger shall never be stayed / Till his race, faith, and speech are a dream of the past
 
 
References
    
- “venger”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
Anagrams
    
French
    
    Etymology
    
Inherited from Middle French venger, vengier, from Old French vengier, from Latin vindicāre.
Pronunciation
    
Conjugation
    
This is a regular -er verb, but the stem is written venge- before endings that begin with -a- or -o- (to indicate that the -g- is a "soft" /ʒ/ and not a "hard" /ɡ/). This spelling-change occurs in all verbs in -ger, such as neiger and manger.
| infinitive | simple | venger | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | vengeant /vɑ̃.ʒɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | vengé /vɑ̃.ʒe/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | venge /vɑ̃ʒ/ | venges /vɑ̃ʒ/ | venge /vɑ̃ʒ/ | vengeons /vɑ̃.ʒɔ̃/ | vengez /vɑ̃.ʒe/ | vengent /vɑ̃ʒ/ | 
| imperfect | vengeais /vɑ̃.ʒɛ/ | vengeais /vɑ̃.ʒɛ/ | vengeait /vɑ̃.ʒɛ/ | vengions /vɑ̃.ʒjɔ̃/ | vengiez /vɑ̃.ʒje/ | vengeaient /vɑ̃.ʒɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | vengeai /vɑ̃.ʒe/ | vengeas /vɑ̃.ʒa/ | vengea /vɑ̃.ʒa/ | vengeâmes /vɑ̃.ʒam/ | vengeâtes /vɑ̃.ʒat/ | vengèrent /vɑ̃.ʒɛʁ/ | |
| future | vengerai /vɑ̃ʒ.ʁe/ | vengeras /vɑ̃ʒ.ʁa/ | vengera /vɑ̃ʒ.ʁa/ | vengerons /vɑ̃ʒ.ʁɔ̃/ | vengerez /vɑ̃ʒ.ʁe/ | vengeront /vɑ̃ʒ.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | vengerais /vɑ̃ʒ.ʁɛ/ | vengerais /vɑ̃ʒ.ʁɛ/ | vengerait /vɑ̃ʒ.ʁɛ/ | vengerions /vɑ̃.ʒə.ʁjɔ̃/ | vengeriez /vɑ̃.ʒə.ʁje/ | vengeraient /vɑ̃ʒ.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) | present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | venge /vɑ̃ʒ/ | venges /vɑ̃ʒ/ | venge /vɑ̃ʒ/ | vengions /vɑ̃.ʒjɔ̃/ | vengiez /vɑ̃.ʒje/ | vengent /vɑ̃ʒ/ | 
| imperfect2 | vengeasse /vɑ̃.ʒas/ | vengeasses /vɑ̃.ʒas/ | vengeât /vɑ̃.ʒa/ | vengeassions /vɑ̃.ʒa.sjɔ̃/ | vengeassiez /vɑ̃.ʒa.sje/ | vengeassent /vɑ̃.ʒas/ | |
| (compound tenses) | past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | venge /vɑ̃ʒ/ | — | vengeons /vɑ̃.ʒɔ̃/ | vengez /vɑ̃.ʒe/ | — | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
| 2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way: 
 (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Further reading
    
- “venger”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Old French
    
    
Conjugation
    
This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. In the present tense an extra supporting e is needed in the first-person singular indicative and throughout the singular subjunctive, and the third-person singular subjunctive ending -t is lost. In addition, g becomes j before an a or an o to keep the /dʒ/ sound intact. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | venger | avoir vengé | |||||
| gerund | en venjant | gerund of avoir + past participle | |||||
| present participle | venjant | ||||||
| past participle | vengé | ||||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | il | nos | vos | il | |
| simple tenses | present | venge | venges | venge | venjons | vengez | vengent | 
| imperfect | venjoie, vengeie, venjoe, vengeve | venjoies, vengeies, venjoes, vengeves | venjoit, vengeit, venjot, vengeve | vengiiens, vengiens | vengiiez, vengiez | venjoient, vengeient, venjoent, vengevent | |
| preterite | venjai | venjas | venja | venjames | venjastes | vengerent | |
| future | vengerai | vengeras | vengera | vengerons | vengeroiz, vengereiz, vengerez | vengeront | |
| conditional | vengeroie, vengereie | vengeroies, vengereies | vengeroit, vengereit | vengeriiens, vengeriens | vengeriiez, vengeriez | vengeroient, vengereient | |
| compound tenses | present perfect | present tense of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | preterite tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que jo | que tu | qu’il | que nos | que vos | qu’il | |
| simple tenses | present | venge | venges | venge | venjons | vengez | vengent | 
| imperfect | venjasse | venjasses | venjast | vengissons, vengissiens | vengissoiz, vengissez, vengissiez | venjassent | |
| compound tenses | past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – | |
| — | venge | — | venjons | vengez | — | ||