valjaat
Finnish
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *valjas, possibly borrowed from Proto-Baltic [Term?] (compare Old Prussian walis (“drawbar”)). Cognate to Estonian valjad (“headstall”), Estonian valjastada, Ingrian valjaat, Votic valʹlʹad (“headstall”), Karelian vaľľahad, Ludian vaľľahad, Veps vaľľastuz.[1]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈʋɑljɑːt/, [ˈʋɑ̝ljɑ̝ːt̪]
- Rhymes: -ɑljɑːt
- Syllabification(key): val‧jaat
Usage notes
- The singular form valjas appears only as a former part of compound and in the derivative valjastaa.
Declension
| Inflection of valjaat (Kotus type 41/vieras, no gradation) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | — | valjaat | ||
| genitive | — | valjaiden valjaitten | ||
| partitive | — | valjaita | ||
| illative | — | valjaisiin | ||
| singular | plural | |||
| nominative | — | valjaat | ||
| accusative | nom. | — | valjaat | |
| gen. | — | |||
| genitive | — | valjaiden valjaitten valjastenrare | ||
| partitive | — | valjaita | ||
| inessive | — | valjaissa | ||
| elative | — | valjaista | ||
| illative | — | valjaisiin valjaihinrare | ||
| adessive | — | valjailla | ||
| ablative | — | valjailta | ||
| allative | — | valjaille | ||
| essive | — | valjaina | ||
| translative | — | valjaiksi | ||
| abessive | — | valjaitta | ||
| instructive | — | valjain | ||
| comitative | See the possessive forms below. | |||
| Possessive forms of valjaat (Kotus type 41/vieras, no gradation) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Derived terms
- hevosenvaljaat
- hevosvaljaat
- kakkulavaljaat
- luokkivaljaat
- länkivaljaat
- poronvaljaat
- silavaljaat
- turvavaljaat
- valjakko
- valjaseläin
- valjashihna
- valjasnahka
- valjasrasva
- valjastaa
Related terms
References
- “valjad”, in [ETY] Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat [Estonian Etymological Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012
Further reading
- “valjaat”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-04
Ingrian
Hepoin valjais.
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *valjahët. Cognates include Finnish valjaat and Estonian valjad.
Pronunciation
- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈʋɑljɑːt/, [ˈʋɑlʲːɑd]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈʋɑljɑhɑt/, [ˈʋɑlʲjɑhɑd̥]
- Rhymes: -ɑljɑːt, -ɑljɑhɑt
- Hyphenation: val‧jaat
Declension
| Declension of valjaat (type 2/patsas, no gradation) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | — | valjaat |
| genitive | — | valjain |
| partitive | — | valjaita, valjaja |
| illative | — | valjaisse |
| inessive | — | valjais |
| elative | — | valjaist |
| allative | — | valjaille |
| adessive | — | valjail |
| ablative | — | valjailt |
| translative | — | valjaiks |
| essive | — | valjainna, valjain |
| exessive1) | — | valjaint |
| 1) obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive. | ||
Synonyms
Derived terms
References
- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 635
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