topata
Finnish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈtopɑtɑˣ/, [ˈt̪o̞pɑ̝t̪ɑ̝(ʔ)]
- Rhymes: -opɑtɑ
- Syllabification(key): to‧pa‧ta
Verb
topata
Conjugation
| Inflection of topata (Kotus type 73*B/salata, pp-p gradation) | |||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present tense | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | toppaan | en toppaa | 1st sing. | olen topannut | en ole topannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | toppaat | et toppaa | 2nd sing. | olet topannut | et ole topannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | toppaa | ei toppaa | 3rd sing. | on topannut | ei ole topannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | toppaamme | emme toppaa | 1st plur. | olemme topanneet | emme ole topanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | toppaatte | ette toppaa | 2nd plur. | olette topanneet | ette ole topanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | toppaavat | eivät toppaa | 3rd plur. | ovat topanneet | eivät ole topanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | topataan | ei topata | passive | on topattu | ei ole topattu | ||||||||||||||||
| past tense | pluperfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | toppasin | en topannut | 1st sing. | olin topannut | en ollut topannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | toppasit | et topannut | 2nd sing. | olit topannut | et ollut topannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | toppasi | ei topannut | 3rd sing. | oli topannut | ei ollut topannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | toppasimme | emme topanneet | 1st plur. | olimme topanneet | emme olleet topanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | toppasitte | ette topanneet | 2nd plur. | olitte topanneet | ette olleet topanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | toppasivat | eivät topanneet | 3rd plur. | olivat topanneet | eivät olleet topanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | topattiin | ei topattu | passive | oli topattu | ei ollut topattu | ||||||||||||||||
| conditional mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | toppaisin | en toppaisi | 1st sing. | olisin topannut | en olisi topannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | toppaisit | et toppaisi | 2nd sing. | olisit topannut | et olisi topannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | toppaisi | ei toppaisi | 3rd sing. | olisi topannut | ei olisi topannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | toppaisimme | emme toppaisi | 1st plur. | olisimme topanneet | emme olisi topanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | toppaisitte | ette toppaisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte topanneet | ette olisi topanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | toppaisivat | eivät toppaisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat topanneet | eivät olisi topanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | topattaisiin | ei topattaisi | passive | olisi topattu | ei olisi topattu | ||||||||||||||||
| imperative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | toppaa | älä toppaa | 2nd sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | topatkoon | älköön topatko | 3rd sing. | olkoon topannut | älköön olko topannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | topatkaamme | älkäämme topatko | 1st plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | topatkaa | älkää topatko | 2nd plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | topatkoot | älkööt topatko | 3rd plur. | olkoot topanneet | älkööt olko topanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | topattakoon | älköön topattako | passive | olkoon topattu | älköön olko topattu | ||||||||||||||||
| potential mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | topannen | en topanne | 1st sing. | lienen topannut | en liene topannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | topannet | et topanne | 2nd sing. | lienet topannut | et liene topannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | topannee | ei topanne | 3rd sing. | lienee topannut | ei liene topannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | topannemme | emme topanne | 1st plur. | lienemme topanneet | emme liene topanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | topannette | ette topanne | 2nd plur. | lienette topanneet | ette liene topanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | topannevat | eivät topanne | 3rd plur. | lienevät topanneet | eivät liene topanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | topattaneen | ei topattane | passive | lienee topattu | ei liene topattu | ||||||||||||||||
| Nominal forms | |||||||||||||||||||||
| infinitives | participles | ||||||||||||||||||||
| active | passive | active | passive | ||||||||||||||||||
| 1st | topata | present | toppaava | topattava | |||||||||||||||||
| long 1st1 |
|
past | topannut | topattu | |||||||||||||||||
| 2nd | inessive2 | topatessa | topattaessa | agent3 | toppaama | ||||||||||||||||
|
negative | toppaamaton | |||||||||||||||||||
| instructive | topaten | — | 1) Used only with a possessive suffix. 2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). | ||||||||||||||||||
| 3rd | inessive | toppaamassa | — | ||||||||||||||||||
| elative | toppaamasta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| illative | toppaamaan | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| adessive | toppaamalla | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| abessive | toppaamatta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| instructive | toppaaman | topattaman | |||||||||||||||||||
| 4th4 | verbal noun | toppaaminen | |||||||||||||||||||
| 5th1 |
| ||||||||||||||||||||
Derived terms
Further reading
- “topata”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03
Anagrams
Ingrian
Etymology
Borrowed from a Germanic language. Cognate with Finnish topata and Estonian topata.
Probably also influenced by Russian топать (topatʹ) and штопать (štopatʹ).
Pronunciation
- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈtopɑtɑ/, [ˈto̞pɑt]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈtopɑtɑ/, [ˈto̞b̥ɑd̥ɑ]
- Rhymes: -opɑt, -opɑtɑ
- Hyphenation: to‧pa‧ta
Verb
topata
Conjugation
| Conjugation of topata (type 16/maata, pp-p gradation) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indikativa | |||||
| Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | toppaan | en toppaa | 1st singular | oon topant, oon topannut | en oo topant, en oo topannut |
| 2nd singular | toppaat | et toppaa | 2nd singular | oot topant, oot topannut | et oo topant, et oo topannut |
| 3rd singular | toppajaa | ei toppaa | 3rd singular | ono topant, ono topannut | ei oo topant, ei oo topannut |
| 1st plural | toppaamma | emmä toppaa | 1st plural | oomma topanneet | emmä oo topanneet |
| 2nd plural | toppaatta | että toppaa | 2nd plural | ootta topanneet | että oo topanneet |
| 3rd plural | toppajaat1), toppaavat2), topataa | evät toppaa, ei topata | 3rd plural | ovat topanneet | evät oo topanneet, ei oo topattu |
| impersonal | topataa | ei topata | impersonal | ono topattu | ei oo topattu |
| Imperfekta | Pluskvamperfekta | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | toppaisin | en topant, en topannut | 1st singular | olin topant, olin topannut | en olt topant, en olt topannut |
| 2nd singular | toppaisit, toppaist1) | et topant, et topannut | 2nd singular | olit topant, olit topannut | et olt topant, et olt topannut |
| 3rd singular | toppais | ei topant, ei topannut | 3rd singular | oli topant, oli topannut | ei olt topant, ei olt topannut |
| 1st plural | toppaisimma | emmä topanneet | 1st plural | olimma topanneet | emmä olleet topanneet |
| 2nd plural | toppaisitta | että topanneet | 2nd plural | olitta topanneet | että olleet topanneet |
| 3rd plural | toppaisiit1), toppaisivat2), topattii | evät topanneet, ei topattu | 3rd plural | olivat topanneet | evät olleet topanneet, ei olt topattu |
| impersonal | topattii | ei topattu | impersonal | oli topattu | ei olt topattu |
| Konditsionala | |||||
| Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | toppajaisin | en toppajais | 1st singular | olisin topant, olisin topannut | en olis topant, en olis topannut |
| 2nd singular | toppajaisit, toppajaist1) | et toppajais | 2nd singular | olisit topant, olisit topannut | et olis topant, et olis topannut |
| 3rd singular | toppajais | ei toppajais | 3rd singular | olis topant, olis topannut | ei olis topant, ei olis topannut |
| 1st plural | toppajaisimma | emmä toppajais | 1st plural | olisimma topanneet | emmä olis topanneet |
| 2nd plural | toppajaisitta | että toppajais | 2nd plural | olisitta topanneet | että olis topanneet |
| 3rd plural | toppajaisiit1), toppajaisivat2), topattais | evät toppajais, ei topattais | 3rd plural | olisivat topanneet | evät olis topanneet, ei olis topattu |
| impersonal | topattais | ei topattais | impersonal | olis topattu | ei olis topattu |
| Imperativa | |||||
| Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | — | — | 1st singular | — | — |
| 2nd singular | toppaa | elä toppaa | 2nd singular | oo topant, oo topannut | elä oo topant, elä oo topannut |
| 3rd singular | topatkoo | elköö topatko | 3rd singular | olkoo topant, olkoo topannut | elköö olko topant, elköö olko topannut |
| 1st plural | — | — | 1st plural | — | — |
| 2nd plural | topatkaa | elkää topatko | 2nd plural | olkaa topanneet | elkää olko topanneet |
| 3rd plural | topatkoot | elkööt topatko, elköö topattako | 3rd plural | olkoot topanneet | elkööt olko topanneet, elköö olko topattu |
| impersonal | topattakkoo | elköö topattako | impersonal | olkoo topattu | elköö olko topattu |
| Potentsiala | |||||
| Preesens | |||||
| positive | negative | ||||
| 1st singular | topannen | en topanne | |||
| 2nd singular | topannet | et topanne | |||
| 3rd singular | topannoo | ei topanne | |||
| 1st plural | topannemma | emmä topanne | |||
| 2nd plural | topannetta | että topanne | |||
| 3rd plural | topannoot | evät topanne, ei topattane | |||
| impersonal | topattannoo | ei topattane | |||
| Nominal forms | |||||
| Infinitivat | Partisipat | ||||
| active | passive | ||||
| 1st | topata | present | toppaava | topattava | |
| 2nd | inessive | topatees | past | topant, topannut | topattu |
| instructive | topaten | 1) Chiefly in the Soikkola dialect. 2) Chiefly in the Ala-Laukaa dialect. *) For the imperative, the 2nd plural (topatkaa) may be used for the 3rd person as well. **) The interrogative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) to the indicative ***) The deliberative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) or -kse to either the indicative or the potential ****) In folk poetry, a long first infinitive can be formed by adding the suffix -kse-, followed by possessive suffixes, to the first infinitive. Note that sometimes gemination may be undone by this addition. | |||
| 3rd | illative | toppaamaa | |||
| inessive | toppaamaas | ||||
| elative | toppaamast | ||||
| abessive | toppaamata | ||||
| 4th | nominative | toppaamiin | |||
| partitive | toppaamista, toppaamist | ||||
Synonyms
- (to darn): štoopata
References
- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 588
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