sqdj

Egyptian

Etymology

Prefixed with s- (causative prefix).

Pronunciation

Verb
sqdd
N33C		 P1

 caus. 3ae inf.

  1. (transitive) to travel by boat, to sail
    • c. 1859 BCE – 1800 BCE, The Eloquent Peasant, version B2 (pAmherst 2 and pBerlin 3025) lines 101–103:
      irsqd
      d      		 N33C
      P1      		 Xr
      r      		 f
      D35      		 ssAAHD61D54n
      f      		 tA
      N23 Z1      		 D35mn
      n      		 iT14P1
      n      		 dpW
      t      		 P1
      f      		 r
      d      		 miiN23s
      jr sqdd ẖr.f nj sꜣḥ.n.f tꜣ nj mjn.n dpwt.f r dmj.s
      As for him who sails with it, he cannot set foot on land, and his boat cannot moor at its harbor.
  2. (transitive, by extension) to travel (in general)

Inflection
Conjugation of sqdj (causative third weak / caus. 3ae inf. / caus. III. inf.) — base stem: sqd, geminated stem: sqdd
infinitival forms imperative
infinitive negatival complement complementary infinitive1 singular plural
sqdt, sqdj
 sqdw, sqd
 sqdt, sqdwt, sqdyt
 sqd
 sqd, sqdy
‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem periphrastic imperfective2 periphrastic prospective2
sqd
 ḥr sqdt, ḥr sqdj
 m sqdt, m sqdj
 r sqdt, r sqdj
suffix conjugation
aspect / mood active passive contingent
aspect / mood active passive
perfect sqd.n
 sqdw, sqd, sqdy
 consecutive sqd.jn
 active + .tj1, .tw2
active + .tj1, .tw2
terminative sqdt
perfective3 sqd
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 obligative1 sqd.ḫr
 active + .tj1, .tw2
imperfective sqd, sqdy
 active + .tj1, .tw2
prospective3 sqdw, sqd, sqdy
 sqdw, sqd, sqdy
 potentialis1 sqd.kꜣ
 active + .tj1, .tw2
active + .tj1, .tw2
subjunctive sqd, sqdy
 active + .tj1, .tw2
verbal adjectives
aspect / mood relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms participles
active passive active passive
perfect sqd.n
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 — —
perfective sqdw1, sqdy, sqd
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 sqd
 sqdy, sqd
imperfective sqdd, sqddy, sqddw5
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 sqdd, sqddj6, sqddy6
 sqdd, sqddw5
prospective sqdw1, sqdy, sqd, sqdtj7
 — sqdwtj1 4, sqdtj4, sqdt4
  1. Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
  2. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
  3. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
  4. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn.
  5. Only in the masculine singular.
  6. Only in the masculine.
  7. Only in the feminine.

Derived terms

References
  • James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 330.
  • Hoch, James (1997) Middle Egyptian Grammar, Mississauga: Benben Publications, →ISBN, page 113
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