sgnn

Egyptian

Etymology

s- (causative prefix) +‎ gnn (“to be soft”).

Pronunciation
 
  • (reconstructed) IPA(key): /ˈsakʼnan/ → /ˈsakʼnan/ → /ˈsakʼnən/ → /ˈsakʼnən/

Verb
sg
n
n		 A7

 caus. 2ae gem.

  1. (transitive) to soften

Inflection
Conjugation of sgnn (causative second geminate / caus. 2ae gem. / caus. II. gem.) — base stem: sgn, geminated stem: sgnn
infinitival forms imperative
infinitive negatival complement complementary infinitive1 singular plural
sgnn
 sgnn
 sgnnt
 sgnn
 sgnn
‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem periphrastic imperfective2 periphrastic prospective2
sgnn
 ḥr sgnn
 m sgnn
 r sgnn
suffix conjugation
aspect / mood active passive contingent
aspect / mood active passive
perfect sgnn.n
 sgnnw, sgnn
 consecutive sgnn.jn
 active + .tj1, .tw2
active + .tj1, .tw2
terminative sgnnt
perfective3 sgnn
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 obligative1 sgnn.ḫr
 active + .tj1, .tw2
imperfective sgnn
 active + .tj1, .tw2
prospective3 sgnnw, sgnn, sgnny
 sgnnw, sgnn, sgnny
 potentialis1 sgnn.kꜣ
 active + .tj1, .tw2
active + .tj1, .tw2
subjunctive sgnn
 active + .tj1, .tw2
verbal adjectives
aspect / mood relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms participles
active passive active passive
perfect sgnn.n
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 — —
perfective sgnn
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 —
 —
imperfective sgnn, sgnny, sgnnw5
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 sgnn, sgnnj6, sgnny6
 sgnn, sgnnw5
prospective sgnn, sgnntj7
 — sgnnwtj1 4, sgnntj4, sgnnt4
  1. Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
  2. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
  3. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
  4. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn.
  5. Only in the masculine singular.
  6. Only in the masculine.
  7. Only in the feminine.

Descendants
  • Demotic: sgn

References
  • James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 330.
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