podsypać

Polish

Etymology

From pod- +‎ sypać. First attested in 1560.[1] Compare Czech podsypat, Kashubian pòdsëpac, Russian подсы́пать (podsýpatʹ), and Silesian podsypać.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /pɔtˈsɨ.pat͡ɕ/
  • (Middle Polish) IPA(key): /pɔˈt͡sɨ.pat͡ɕ/
  • Rhymes: -ɨpat͡ɕ
  • Syllabification: pod‧sy‧pać

Verb

podsypać pf (imperfective podsypywać)

  1. (transitive) to sprinkle under [+genitive] or [+accusative = what] [+ pod (accusative) = under what]
  2. (transitive) to top up (to provide some additional loose substance somewhere) [+genitive] or [+accusative = what], [+dative = to what], [+instrumental = with what]
  3. (transitive) to lift, to top up, to raise (to raise the level of something by adding some dirt or sand) [+instrumental = with what]
  4. (intransitive, of snow) to flurry (to come in small amounts)
  5. (transitive, dated) to load (to fill a firearm with gunpowder) [+genitive] or [+accusative = what], [+instrumental = with what], [+ na (accusative) = for what]
  6. (transitive, colloquial) to line; to supplement (to give someone additional, not very high amounts of something) [+genitive] or [+accusative = what] [+dative = for whom]

Conjugation
Conjugation of podsypać pf
person singular plural
masculine feminine neuter virile nonvirile
infinitive podsypać
future tense 1st podsypię podsypiemy
2nd podsypiesz podsypiecie
3rd podsypie podsypią
impersonal podsypie się
past tense 1st podsypałem,
-(e)m podsypał		 podsypałam,
-(e)m podsypała		 podsypałom,
-(e)m podsypało		 podsypaliśmy,
-(e)śmy podsypali		 podsypałyśmy,
-(e)śmy podsypały
2nd podsypałeś,
-(e)ś podsypał		 podsypałaś,
-(e)ś podsypała		 podsypałoś,
-(e)ś podsypało		 podsypaliście,
-(e)ście podsypali		 podsypałyście,
-(e)ście podsypały
3rd podsypał podsypała podsypało podsypali podsypały
impersonal podsypano
conditional 1st podsypałbym,
bym podsypał		 podsypałabym,
bym podsypała		 podsypałobym,
bym podsypało		 podsypalibyśmy,
byśmy podsypali		 podsypałybyśmy,
byśmy podsypały
2nd podsypałbyś,
byś podsypał		 podsypałabyś,
byś podsypała		 podsypałobyś,
byś podsypało		 podsypalibyście,
byście podsypali		 podsypałybyście,
byście podsypały
3rd podsypałby,
by podsypał		 podsypałaby,
by podsypała		 podsypałoby,
by podsypało		 podsypaliby,
by podsypali		 podsypałyby,
by podsypały
impersonal podsypano by
imperative 1st niech podsypię podsypmy
2nd podsyp podsypcie
3rd niech podsypie niech podsypią
passive adjectival participle podsypany podsypana podsypane podsypani podsypane
anterior adverbial participle podsypawszy
verbal noun podsypanie

References
  1. Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “podsypać”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]

Further reading
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