paranoia
English
    
    
Etymology
    
Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek παράνοια (paránoia, “madness”), from παράνοος (paránoos, “demented”), from παρά (pará, “beyond, beside”) + νόος (nóos, “mind, spirit”).
By surface analysis, para- (“abnormal, beyond”) + nous (“mind”) + -ia (“(medical) condition”).
Pronunciation
    
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ˌpæɹ.əˈnɔɪ.ə/
- Audio (Southern England) - (file) 
- (General American) IPA(key): /ˌpɛɹ.əˈnɔɪ.ə/, /ˌpæɹ.əˈnɔɪ.ə/
- Hyphenation: pa‧ra‧noia
- Rhymes: -ɔɪə
Noun
    
paranoia (countable and uncountable, plural paranoias or (archaic) paranoiæ)
- The obsolete name for a psychotic disorder, now called delusional disorder, often (in one of 6 subtypes) characterized by delusions of persecution and perceived threat against the individual affected with the disorder, and often associated with false accusations and general mistrust of others
- Antonym: pronoia
 
- Extreme, irrational distrust of others.
Derived terms
    
Related terms
    
- See: nous#Related terms
- See: para-#Derived terms
Translations
    
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- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
References
    
- “‖Paranoia, paranœa” listed on page 460 of volume VII (O, P) of A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles [1st ed., 1909]
 ‖Paranoia (pærănoi·ă), paranœa (-nī·ă). Path. [mod.L. a. Gr. παράνοια, f. παράνο-ος distracted, f. παρα- beside + νό-ος, νοῦς mind.] Mental derangement; spec. chronic mental unsoundness characterized by delusions or hallucinations, esp. of grandeur, persecution, etc. [¶; 4 quots.: 1857, 1891, 1892, 1899; ¶] Hence Paranoi·ac, -œ·ac, a. adj. afflicted with paranoia; b. sb.; also Parano·ic, -nœ·ic a. [¶; 3 quots.: 1857, 1892, 1899]
Catalan
    
    Etymology
    
Ultimately from Ancient Greek παράνοια (paránoia, “madness”).
Related terms
    
Further reading
    
- “paranoia” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
Czech
    
    Etymology
    
Ultimately from Ancient Greek παράνοια (paránoia, “madness”).
Pronunciation
    
- IPA(key): [ˈparanoja]
- Hyphenation: pa‧ra‧noia
Declension
    
Related terms
    
Danish
    
    Etymology
    
Ultimately from Ancient Greek παράνοια (paránoia, “madness”).
Declension
    
| common gender | Singular | |
|---|---|---|
| indefinite | definite | |
| nominative | paranoia | paranoiaen | 
| genitive | paranoias | paranoiaens | 
Dutch
    
    Etymology
    
Ultimately from Ancient Greek παράνοια (paránoia, “madness”).
Pronunciation
    
- IPA(key): /ˌpaː.raːˈnoː.jaː/
- Audio - (file) 
- Hyphenation: pa‧ra‧noia
Related terms
    
Finnish
    
    Etymology
    
Ultimately from Ancient Greek παράνοια (paránoia, “madness”).
Pronunciation
    
- IPA(key): /ˈpɑrɑnoi̯jɑ/, [ˈpɑ̝rɑ̝ˌno̞i̯j(ː)ɑ̝]
- Rhymes: -oija
- Syllabification(key): pa‧ra‧noi‧a
Noun
    
paranoia
- paranoia (delusion of persecution)
- Synonym: vainoharha
 
- paranoia (state of being paranoid)
- Synonym: vainoharhaisuus
 
Declension
    
| Inflection of paranoia (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | paranoia | paranoiat | ||
| genitive | paranoian | paranoi'ien | ||
| partitive | paranoiaa | paranoi'ia | ||
| illative | paranoiaan | paranoi'iin | ||
| singular | plural | |||
| nominative | paranoia | paranoiat | ||
| accusative | nom. | paranoia | paranoiat | |
| gen. | paranoian | |||
| genitive | paranoian | paranoi'ien paranoiainrare | ||
| partitive | paranoiaa | paranoi'ia | ||
| inessive | paranoiassa | paranoi’'issa | ||
| elative | paranoiasta | paranoi’'ista | ||
| illative | paranoiaan | paranoi'iin | ||
| adessive | paranoialla | paranoi’'illa | ||
| ablative | paranoialta | paranoi’'ilta | ||
| allative | paranoialle | paranoi’'ille | ||
| essive | paranoiana | paranoi'ina | ||
| translative | paranoiaksi | paranoi’'iksi | ||
| abessive | paranoiatta | paranoi’'itta | ||
| instructive | — | paranoi’'in | ||
| comitative | See the possessive forms below. | |||
| Possessive forms of paranoia (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Related terms
    
Further reading
    
- “paranoia”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03
Hungarian
    
    Etymology
    
Ultimately from Ancient Greek παράνοια (paránoia, “madness”).[1]
Pronunciation
    
- IPA(key): [ˈpɒrɒnojɒ]
- Hyphenation: pa‧ra‧no‧ia
- Rhymes: -jɒ
Declension
    
| Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, back harmony) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | paranoia | paranoiák | 
| accusative | paranoiát | paranoiákat | 
| dative | paranoiának | paranoiáknak | 
| instrumental | paranoiával | paranoiákkal | 
| causal-final | paranoiáért | paranoiákért | 
| translative | paranoiává | paranoiákká | 
| terminative | paranoiáig | paranoiákig | 
| essive-formal | paranoiaként | paranoiákként | 
| essive-modal | — | — | 
| inessive | paranoiában | paranoiákban | 
| superessive | paranoián | paranoiákon | 
| adessive | paranoiánál | paranoiáknál | 
| illative | paranoiába | paranoiákba | 
| sublative | paranoiára | paranoiákra | 
| allative | paranoiához | paranoiákhoz | 
| elative | paranoiából | paranoiákból | 
| delative | paranoiáról | paranoiákról | 
| ablative | paranoiától | paranoiáktól | 
| non-attributive possessive - singular | paranoiáé | paranoiáké | 
| non-attributive possessive - plural | paranoiáéi | paranoiákéi | 
| Possessive forms of paranoia | ||
|---|---|---|
| possessor | single possession | multiple possessions | 
| 1st person sing. | paranoiám | paranoiáim | 
| 2nd person sing. | paranoiád | paranoiáid | 
| 3rd person sing. | paranoiája | paranoiái | 
| 1st person plural | paranoiánk | paranoiáink | 
| 2nd person plural | paranoiátok | paranoiáitok | 
| 3rd person plural | paranoiájuk | paranoiáik | 
Derived terms
    
References
    
- Tótfalusi, István. Idegenszó-tár: Idegen szavak értelmező és etimológiai szótára (’A Storehouse of Foreign Words: an explanatory and etymological dictionary of foreign words’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2005. →ISBN
Further reading
    
- paranoia in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
Italian
    
    Etymology
    
Ultimately from Ancient Greek παράνοια (paránoia, “madness”).
Pronunciation
    
- IPA(key): /pa.raˈnɔ.ja/
- Rhymes: -ɔja
- Hyphenation: pa‧ra‧nò‧ia
Portuguese
    
    Alternative forms
    
Etymology
    
Ultimately from Ancient Greek παράνοια (paránoia, “madness”).
Romanian
    
    
Spanish
    
    Etymology
    
Borrowed from Ancient Greek παράνοια (paránoia, “madness”). More at paranoia.
Pronunciation
    
- IPA(key): /paɾaˈnoja/ [pa.ɾaˈno.ja]
- Rhymes: -oja
- Syllabification: pa‧ra‧no‧ia
Further reading
    
- “paranoia”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
Swedish
    
    
Declension
    
| Declension of paranoia | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Plural | |||
| Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
| Nominative | paranoia | paranoian | paranoior | paranoiorna | 
| Genitive | paranoias | paranoians | paranoiors | paranoiornas |