pani
Angloromani
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈpʰaːniː], [ˈpʰæːni], [ˈpʰɑːni], [pʰaːniː], [ˈpʰɑni], [ˈpʰaniː], [ˈpɑːnɪ], [ˈpʰæni]
Noun
pani
Derived terms
- adra pani paddi
- bawro pani
- bitchadipani
- bitti panni
- boro pani
- drow pani jal
- duvla's pani
- fowkidelallipani
- jal adrey the pani
- javvomaley o pani
- kalapani
- kawlopanigav
- kora pani
- lel adrey tatta pani
- padallepani
- pani kekkavva
- pani puvvengri gav
- pani totteras
- pani-beng
- pani-kenna
- pani-yokkeris
- panigav
- paningramush
- panniengro
- panying
- shokkapani
- tattapani
Balkan Romani
Noun
pani m
Derived terms
- brišindeskoro pani
- londalo pani
- panjalo
- parime pani
- paňeskoro peribe
- pimaskoro pani
- pivdo pani
Baltic Romani
Derived terms
- brîšîndêskiro pani
- londo panî
- paaňing
- paaňingalò
- panitko
- panîprolîdžjaibnîtko
Carpathian Romani
Alternative forms
Noun
pani m
- (Burgenland, East Slovakia, Gurvari) water
- (East Slovakia) sweat, perspiration
- (Gurvari) river, lake
Derived terms
- ačhilo pani
- baro pani
- brišind pani
- brišindeskero páňi
- cikno pani
- fruxtakero paj
- jagalo pani
- jarkos paňeske
- londo paňi
- mulano pani
- pajeskeri realina
- pajeskero drom
- pajeskero dudum
- pajeskero kanal
- pajeskero peripe
- pajeskero štrol
- paňalo
- paňalo
- paňardo
- paňarel
- paňariben
- paňaľi dudum
- paňaľipen
- paňeskero
- pelopaňi
- čhivel pes andro pani
- čhordino pani
- čikalo pani
Erromintxela
Estonian
Halbi
References
- Ronald L. Trail, Patterns in clause, sentence, and discourse in selected languages of India and Nepal 4: Word lists (1973), Summer Institute of Linguistics Publications in Linguistics and Related Fields 41(4), page 17
Ido
Latin
Masurian
Etymology
Inherited from Old Polish pani.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈpaɲi]
- Syllabification: pa‧ni
Noun
pani f (male equivalent pán)
Pronoun
pani f (masculine pán)
- you polite second person f nominative, it takes verbs as third-person sg form
Old Polish
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *gъpanьji. First attested in the 14th century.
Noun
pani f (male equivalent pan)
- female equivalent of pan (“lady”) (master of a feudal manor)
- 1959 [1389], Henryk Kowalewicz, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, editors, Wielkopolskie roty sądowe XIV-XV wieku, Roty poznańskie, volume I, number 63, Poznań:
- Jaco pani szastauila swe dobro i cupila trzeczø czanscz Kuropatnik
- [Jako pani zastawiła swe dobro i kupiła trzecią część Kuropatnik]
- form of respect for non-noblewomen
- 1858 [c. 1408], Wojciech Szurkowski z Ponieca, “Wyroki sądów miejskich czyli ortyle [Urban court rulings i.e. "Ortyls"]”, in Wacław Aleksander Maciejowski, editor, Historia prawodawstw słowiańskich [History of Slavic lawmaking], volume 6, Poniec, page 69:
- Hannus zalowal na panyą Anną
- [Hannusz żałował na panią Annę]
- female equivalent of pan (“wife, especially one of a castellan”)
- 1861 [1398], Pismo poświęcone naukom, sztukom i przemysłowi, volume III, Biblioteka Warszawska, page 34:
- Tekdi gdi stala ossada pane bytgostkey hy Paskowa, tedi poslali comornika hy vosnego do paney hy do Paska
- [Tegdy gdy stała osada panie bydgostkiej i Paszkowa, tedy posłali komornika hi woźnego do paniej hi do Paszka]
- female equivalent of pan (“lady”) (owner of land)
- 1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter], Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], pages 122, 3:
- Yako oczy poselkyney w røkv *pøney (dominae) swogey, tako oczy nasze kv panv bogv
- [Jako oczy posełkiniej w ręku paniej (dominae) swojej, tako oczy nasze ku Panu Bogu]
- female equivalent of pan (“lady, woman”) (female human)
- 1415, Przecław Słota, O zachowaniu się przy stole, Łęczyca, Poznań, line 74:
- Tako panna yako pany ma to wedecz, czszo szø gany
- [Tako panna jako pani ma to wiedzieć, cso się gani]
Related terms
- panieński
- panoski
- panow
- panowski
- panicz
- paniczek
- panieństwo
- panię
- panostwo
- panosza
- panoszka
- panowanie
- państwo
- panać impf
- paniać impf
- (impf) panować
Descendants
References
- Boryś, Wiesław (2005) “pani”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, →ISBN
- Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000) “pani”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish)
- B. Sieradzka-Baziur, editor (2011–2015), “pani”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN
Polish
Etymology
Inherited from Old Polish pani.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈpa.ɲi/
Audio 1 (file) Audio 2 (file) - Rhymes: -aɲi
- Syllabification: pa‧ni
- Homophone: Pani
Noun
pani f (male equivalent pan)
- female equivalent of pan (“woman”) (specific female person, especially one unknown to the speaker)
- female equivalent of pan (“Mrs; miss”) (title before a last name)
- female equivalent of pan (“mistress, lady”) (person with power over something)
- female equivalent of pan (“madam”) (rich, well-presenting person)
- female equivalent of pan (“lady”) (master of a house)
- female equivalent of pan (“teacher”)
- (Middle Polish) female equivalent of pan (“protector”)
- Synonym: protektorka
- (Middle Polish) female equivalent of pan (“owner”)
- Synonym: właścicielka
Pronoun
pani f (masculine pan)
- female equivalent of pan (“you”) (polite second person f nominative, it takes verbs as third-person sg form)
Declension
Descendants
Trivia
According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), pani is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 7 times in scientific texts, 5 times in news, 4 times in essays, 102 times in fiction, and 538 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 656 times, making it the 71st most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[1]
References
- Ida Kurcz (1990) “pani”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), volume 1, Kraków, Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 354
Further reading
- pani in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- pani in Polish dictionaries at PWN
- Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “pani”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
- Paweł Kupiszewski (15.06.2020) “PANI”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century]
- Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “pani”, in Słownik języka polskiego
- Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “pani”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
- A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1908), “pani”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 4, Warsaw, page 34
- pani in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego
Quechua
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | pani | panikuna |
| accusative | panita | panikunata |
| dative | paniman | panikunaman |
| genitive | panip | panikunap |
| locative | panipi | panikunapi |
| terminative | panikama | panikunakama |
| ablative | panimanta | panikunamanta |
| instrumental | paniwan | panikunawan |
| comitative | panintin | panikunantin |
| abessive | paninnaq | panikunannaq |
| comparative | panihina | panikunahina |
| causative | panirayku | panikunarayku |
| benefactive | panipaq | panikunapaq |
| associative | panipura | panikunapura |
| distributive | paninka | panikunanka |
| exclusive | panilla | panikunalla |
| ñuqap (my) | singular | plural |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | paniy | paniykuna |
| accusative | paniyta | paniykunata |
| dative | paniyman | paniykunaman |
| genitive | paniypa | paniykunap |
| locative | paniypi | paniykunapi |
| terminative | paniykama | paniykunakama |
| ablative | paniymanta | paniykunamanta |
| instrumental | paniywan | paniykunawan |
| comitative | paniynintin | paniykunantin |
| abessive | paniyninnaq | paniykunannaq |
| comparative | paniyhina | paniykunahina |
| causative | paniyrayku | paniykunarayku |
| benefactive | paniypaq | paniykunapaq |
| associative | paniypura | paniykunapura |
| distributive | paniyninka | paniykunanka |
| exclusive | paniylla | paniykunalla |
| qampa (your) | singular | plural |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | paniyki | paniykikuna |
| accusative | paniykita | paniykikunata |
| dative | paniykiman | paniykikunaman |
| genitive | paniykipa | paniykikunap |
| locative | paniykipi | paniykikunapi |
| terminative | paniykikama | paniykikunakama |
| ablative | paniykimanta | paniykikunamanta |
| instrumental | paniykiwan | paniykikunawan |
| comitative | paniykintin | paniykikunantin |
| abessive | paniykinnaq | paniykikunannaq |
| comparative | paniykihina | paniykikunahina |
| causative | paniykirayku | paniykikunarayku |
| benefactive | paniykipaq | paniykikunapaq |
| associative | paniykipura | paniykikunapura |
| distributive | paniykinka | paniykikunanka |
| exclusive | paniykilla | paniykikunalla |
| paypa (his/her/its) | singular | plural |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | panin | paninkuna |
| accusative | paninta | paninkunata |
| dative | paninman | paninkunaman |
| genitive | paninpa | paninkunap |
| locative | paninpi | paninkunapi |
| terminative | paninkama | paninkunakama |
| ablative | paninmanta | paninkunamanta |
| instrumental | paninwan | paninkunawan |
| comitative | paninintin | paninkunantin |
| abessive | paninninnaq | paninkunannaq |
| comparative | paninhina | paninkunahina |
| causative | paninrayku | paninkunarayku |
| benefactive | paninpaq | paninkunapaq |
| associative | paninpura | paninkunapura |
| distributive | panininka | paninkunanka |
| exclusive | paninlla | paninkunalla |
| ñuqanchikpa (our(incl)) | singular | plural |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | paninchik | paninchikkuna |
| accusative | paninchikta | paninchikkunata |
| dative | paninchikman | paninchikkunaman |
| genitive | paninchikpa | paninchikkunap |
| locative | paninchikpi | paninchikkunapi |
| terminative | paninchikkama | paninchikkunakama |
| ablative | paninchikmanta | paninchikkunamanta |
| instrumental | paninchikwan | paninchikkunawan |
| comitative | paninchiknintin | paninchikkunantin |
| abessive | paninchikninnaq | paninchikkunannaq |
| comparative | paninchikhina | paninchikkunahina |
| causative | paninchikrayku | paninchikkunarayku |
| benefactive | paninchikpaq | paninchikkunapaq |
| associative | paninchikpura | paninchikkunapura |
| distributive | paninchikninka | paninchikkunanka |
| exclusive | paninchiklla | paninchikkunalla |
| ñuqaykup (our(excl)) | singular | plural |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | paniyku | paniykukuna |
| accusative | paniykuta | paniykukunata |
| dative | paniykuman | paniykukunaman |
| genitive | paniykupa | paniykukunap |
| locative | paniykupi | paniykukunapi |
| terminative | paniykukama | paniykukunakama |
| ablative | paniykumanta | paniykukunamanta |
| instrumental | paniykuwan | paniykukunawan |
| comitative | paniykuntin | paniykukunantin |
| abessive | paniykunnaq | paniykukunannaq |
| comparative | paniykuhina | paniykukunahina |
| causative | paniykurayku | paniykukunarayku |
| benefactive | paniykupaq | paniykukunapaq |
| associative | paniykupura | paniykukunapura |
| distributive | paniykunka | paniykukunanka |
| exclusive | paniykulla | paniykukunalla |
| qamkunap (your(pl)) | singular | plural |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | paniykichik | paniykichikkuna |
| accusative | paniykichikta | paniykichikkunata |
| dative | paniykichikman | paniykichikkunaman |
| genitive | paniykichikpa | paniykichikkunap |
| locative | paniykichikpi | paniykichikkunapi |
| terminative | paniykichikkama | paniykichikkunakama |
| ablative | paniykichikmanta | paniykichikkunamanta |
| instrumental | paniykichikwan | paniykichikkunawan |
| comitative | paniykichiknintin | paniykichikkunantin |
| abessive | paniykichikninnaq | paniykichikkunannaq |
| comparative | paniykichikhina | paniykichikkunahina |
| causative | paniykichikrayku | paniykichikkunarayku |
| benefactive | paniykichikpaq | paniykichikkunapaq |
| associative | paniykichikpura | paniykichikkunapura |
| distributive | paniykichikninka | paniykichikkunanka |
| exclusive | paniykichiklla | paniykichikkunalla |
| paykunap (their) | singular | plural |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | paninku | paninkukuna |
| accusative | paninkuta | paninkukunata |
| dative | paninkuman | paninkukunaman |
| genitive | paninkupa | paninkukunap |
| locative | paninkupi | paninkukunapi |
| terminative | paninkukama | paninkukunakama |
| ablative | paninkumanta | paninkukunamanta |
| instrumental | paninkuwan | paninkukunawan |
| comitative | paninkuntin | paninkukunantin |
| abessive | paninkunnaq | paninkukunannaq |
| comparative | paninkuhina | paninkukunahina |
| causative | paninkurayku | paninkukunarayku |
| benefactive | paninkupaq | paninkukunapaq |
| associative | paninkupura | paninkukunapura |
| distributive | paninkunka | paninkukunanka |
| exclusive | paninkulla | paninkukunalla |
Romani
Etymology
Inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀧𑀸𑀡𑀻𑀅 (pāṇīa), from Sanskrit पानीय (pānīya).[1][2][3] Cognates include Gujarati પાણી (pāṇī), Hindi पानी (pānī), Punjabi ਪਾਣੀ (pāṇī), Rajasthani पाणी (pāṇī).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /pa.ˈni/
Noun
pani m inan (nominative plural panǎ)
Derived terms
Descendants
- Angloromani: pani, pali, pan, panni, pawni
- Balkan Romani: pani
- Baltic Romani: pani, paňi; panî
- Caló: pañí
- → Spanish: pañí
- Carpathian Romani: pani, paani, paaňi; paj; paji, paňi; paň; páni; pauňi
- Erromintxela: pani
- Kalo Finnish Romani: paani
- Sinte Romani: paňi, pani, páni
- Tavringer Romani: pani
- Traveller Norwegian: pani
- Traveller Scottish: pani
- Vlax Romani: paj, paji, pani
- Welsh Romani: pani
- → Yeniche: pani
References
- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “pānīˊya”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 456
- Boretzky, Norbert, Igla, Birgit (1994) “paní”, in Wörterbuch Romani-Deutsch-Englisch für den südosteuropäischen Raum : mit einer Grammatik der Dialektvarianten [Romani-German-English dictionary for the Southern European region] (in German), Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, →ISBN, page 207b
- Yaron Matras (2002) Romani: A Linguistic Introduction, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, pages 27, 39
- Marcel Courthiade (2009) “o pan/i¹, -ěs- m. -ǎ, -ěn-”, in Melinda Rézműves, editor, Morri angluni rromane ćhibǎqi evroputni lavustik = Első rromani nyelvű európai szótáram : cigány, magyar, angol, francia, spanyol, német, ukrán, román, horvát, szlovák, görög [My First European-Romani Dictionary: Romani, Hungarian, English, French, Spanish, German, Ukrainian, Romanian, Croatian, Slovak, Greek] (overall work in Hungarian and English), Budapest: Fővárosi Onkormányzat Cigány Ház--Romano Kher, →ISBN, page 264b
- Yūsuke Sumi (2018) “pan/i, -ǎ”, in ニューエクスプレスプラス ロマ(ジプシー)語 [New Express Plus Romani (Gypsy)] (in Japanese), Tokyo: Hakusuisha, published 2021, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 153a
Samoan
Sicilian
Etymology
From Latin pānis, pānem (“bread”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈpa.nɪ]
- Hyphenation: pà‧ni
Silesian
Etymology
Inherited from Old Polish pani.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈpaɲi/
- Rhymes: -aɲi
- Syllabification: pa‧ni
Noun
pani f (male equivalent pōn)
Further reading
- pani in silling.org
Sinte Romani
Slovak
Etymology
Unknown etymology.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈpaɲi/
Noun
pani f (genitive singular panej, nominative plural panie, genitive plural paní, declension pattern of pani)
Declension
Derived terms
- panička
Further reading
- “pani”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2024
Traveller Norwegian
Venetian
Vlax Romani
Welsh Romani
Derived terms
- ačilo pani
- ačimasko pani
- bara parl o pani
- bita pani
- doriavesko pani
- dråpa pani
- Glanhavrenako Pani
- južo pani
- kerado pani
- Khamesko Pani
- Kurunako Pani
- kåle-givesko pani
- Kålo Pani
- londo pani
- me-dir-dêb'lesko pani
- mui o pani
- mulo pani
- paniengo
- panieskeri
- panieskero
- paniesko
- Piriako Pani
- prastilo pani
- pårno pani
- Pårno Pani
- påš tablo pani
- randžedo pani
- rigerdo pani
- Rustako Pani
- tablo pani
- Talal o Pani
- tato pani
- thabno pani
- Thudesko Pani
- trautengo pani
- Trašavimasko Pani
- Vålšenengo Pani
- xoro pani
- xuxuňengo pani
- čikalo pani
- šidro pani
- šilalo pani
References
- “pani” in Welsh Romani-English Dictionary, ROMLEX – the Romani Lexicon Project, 2000.
West Makian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈpa.n̪i/
Yeniche
References
- Lützenhardter - Wörterbuch, page 22
- Christian Efing, Jenisch unter Schaustellern (2004), page 104