nhe'eng

Old Tupi

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ɲɛˈʔɛ̃ŋ/
Rhymes: -ɛ̃ŋ
Hyphenation: nhe‧'eng

Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *jeʔeŋ (“to speak”), from Proto-Tupian *weʔeŋ (“to speak”).[1]

Verb

nhe'eng (first-person singular active indicative anhe'eng, first-person singular negative active indicative nanhe'engi, noun nhe'enga) (intransitive)

(with supé) to speak, to talk
Peró supé oronhe'eng.
We talked to the Portuguese.
(with supé) to answer
(with supé) to salute
(with esé) to intercede
(about animals) to cry
to buzz

Conjugation

Conjugation of nhe'eng (intransitive, consonant ending) (See Appendix:Old Tupi verbs)

Verbal forms
	Singular		Singular & Plural	Plural
	1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person	1^st person exclusive	1^st person inclusive	2^nd person
Active
Indicative	anhe'eng	erenhe'eng	onhe'eng	oronhe'eng	îanhe'eng	penhe'eng
Permissive	t'anhe'eng	t'erenhe'eng	t'onhe'eng	t'oronhe'eng	t'îanhe'eng	ta penhe'eng
Imperative		enhe'eng				penhe'eng
Negative indicative	n'anhe'engi	n'erenhe'engi	n'onhe'engi	n'oronhe'engi	n'îanhe'engi	na penhe'engi
Negative permissive	t'anhe'eng umẽ	t'erenhe'eng umẽ	t'onhe'eng umẽ	t'oronhe'eng umẽ	t'îanhe'eng umẽ	ta penhe'eng umẽ
Negative imperative		enhe'eng umẽ				penhe'eng umẽ
Gerund
Affirmative	gûinhe'enga	enhe'enga	onhe'enga	oronhe'enga	îanhe'enga	penhe'enga
Negative	gûinhe'enge'yma	enhe'enge'yma	onhe'enge'yma	oronhe'enge'yma	îanhe'enge'yma	penhe'enge'yma
Causative
Indicative	aîmonhe'eng	ereîmonhe'eng	oîmonhe'eng	oroîmonhe'eng	îaîmonhe'eng	peîmonhe'eng
Permissive	t'aîmonhe'eng	t'ereîmonhe'eng	t'oîmonhe'eng	t'oroîmonhe'eng	t'îaîmonhe'eng	ta peîmonhe'eng
Imperative		eîmonhe'eng				peîmonhe'eng
Negative indicative	n'aîmonhe'engi	n'ereîmonhe'engi	n'oîmonhe'engi	n'oroîmonhe'engi	n'îaîmonhe'engi	na peîmonhe'engi
Negative permissive	t'aîmonhe'eng umẽ	t'ereîmonhe'eng umẽ	t'oîmonhe'eng umẽ	t'oroîmonhe'eng umẽ	t'îaîmonhe'eng umẽ	ta peîmonhe'eng umẽ
Negative imperative		eîmonhe'eng umẽ				peîmonhe'eng umẽ
Causative-comitative
Indicative	aronhe'eng	ereronhe'eng	ogûeronhe'eng	orogûeronhe'eng	îaronhe'eng	peronhe'eng
Permissive	t'aronhe'eng	t'ereronhe'eng	t'ogûeronhe'eng	t'orogûeronhe'eng	t'îaronhe'eng	ta peronhe'eng
Imperative		emonhe'eng				peronhe'eng
Negative indicative	n'aronhe'engi	n'ereronhe'engi	n'ogûeronhe'engi	n'orogûeronhe'engi	n'îaronhe'engi	na peronhe'engi
Negative permissive	t'aronhe'eng umẽ	t'ereronhe'eng umẽ	t'ogûeronhe'eng umẽ	t'orogûeronhe'eng umẽ	t'îaronhe'eng umẽ	ta peronhe'eng umẽ
Negative imperative		emonhe'eng umẽ				peronhe'eng umẽ
Nominal forms
Infinitive
Affirmative	nhe'enga
Negative	nhe'enge'yma
Causative-comitative
Affirmative	xe reronhe'enga	nde reronhe'enga	seronhe'enga	oré reronhe'enga	îandé reronhe'enga	pe reronhe'enga
Negative	na xe reronhe'engi	na nde reronhe'engi	na seronhe'engi	n'oré reronhe'engi	n'îandé reronhe'engi	na pe reronhe'engi
Circumstantial
Affirmative	xe nhe'engi		i nhe'engi	oré nhe'engi	îandé nhe'engi
Negative	xe nhe'enge'ymi		i nhe'enge'ymi	oré nhe'enge'ymi	îandé nhe'enge'ymi

Derived terms

nhe'enga
nhe'engatã
nhe'ẽnhe'enga

Descendants

Nheengatu: nheẽ
→? Portuguese: nhenhenhém, nhe-nhe-nhem

Etymology 2

Back-formation from nhe'enga (“speech”).

Adjective

nhe'eng

speaking (having the ability of speech)

Declension

Declension of nhe'eng (consonant ending) (See Appendix:Old Tupi adjectives)

Adjectival forms
	Singular		Singular & Plural	Plural
	1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person	1^st person exclusive	1^st person inclusive	2^nd person
Active
Indicative	xe nhe'eng	nde nhe'eng	i nhe'eng	oré nhe'eng	îandé nhe'eng	pe nhe'eng
Imperative		nde nhe'eng				pe nhe'eng
Permissive	ta xe nhe'eng	ta nde nhe'eng	t'i nhe'eng	t'oré nhe'eng	t'îandé nhe'eng	ta pe nhe'eng
Negative indicative	na xe nhe'engi	na nde nhe'engi	n'i nhe'engi	n'oré nhe'engi	n'îandé nhe'engi	na pe nhe'engi
Negative imperative		nde nhe'eng umẽ				pe nhe'eng umẽ
Negative permissive	ta xe nhe'eng umẽ	ta nde nhe'eng umẽ	t'i nhe'eng umẽ	t'oré nhe'eng umẽ	t'îandé nhe'eng umẽ	ta pe nhe'eng umẽ
Gerund
Affirmative	xe nhe'engamo	nde nhe'engamo	o nhe'engamo	oré nhe'engamo	îandé nhe'engamo	pe nhe'engamo
Negative	xe nhe'enge'ymamo	nde nhe'enge'ymamo	o nhe'enge'ymamo	oré nhe'enge'ymamo	îandé nhe'enge'ymamo	pe nhe'enge'ymamo
Nominal forms
Infinitive
Affirmative	nhe'enga
Negative	nhe'enge'yma
Circumstantial
Affirmative	xe nhe'engamo		o nhe'engamo	oré nhe'engamo	îandé nhe'engamo
Affirmative	xe nhe'engi¹		i nhe'engi¹	oré nhe'engi¹	îandé nhe'engi¹
Negative	xe nhe'enge'ymamo		o nhe'enge'ymamo	oré nhe'enge'ymamo	îandé nhe'enge'ymamo
Negative	xe nhe'enge'ymi¹		i nhe'enge'ymi¹	oré nhe'enge'ymi¹	îandé nhe'enge'ymi¹
¹North Tupi

References

Beatriz Carretta Corrêa da Silva (2010) Mawé/Awetí/Tupí-Guaraní: relações linguísticas e implicações históricas (in Portuguese), Brasília: UnB, page 409