msj

See also: MSJ

Egyptian

Etymology

Related to ms (“child”).

Pronunciation
 
  • (reconstructed) IPA(key): /ˈmiːsit/ → /ˈmiːsiʔ/ → /ˈmiːsa/ → /ˈmiːsə/

Verb
mss

 3ae inf.

  1. (transitive) to give birth to
    • c. 2000 BCE – 1900 BCE, Coffin Texts, version S1P (outer coffin of Nakhti, Louvre E 11981) spell 148, lines 121–122:[1]
      nw
      k      		 A1G5A40mssnF51
      t      		 B1iriimD38
      k      		 t
      D40      		 N33A
      f      		 mXn
      nw pr      		 swHt
      H8
      D35AdwI3iA1h
      h      		 Q7n
      r Z1      		 T
      n      		 D35
      p      		 HpHD54
      n      		 wiA1D&d tT
      n      		 riA1
      jnk ḥr ms.n ꜣst jry mkt.f m ẖnw swḥt nj ꜣd wj hh n(j) r(ꜣ).ṯn nj pḥ.n wj ḏdt.ṯn r.j
      I am Horus, born of Isis, whose protection was made within the egg: the fiery breath of your mouths will not rage against me, and what you may say against me cannot reach me.
  2. (transitive) to form, to create, to produce

Inflection
Conjugation of msj (third weak / 3ae inf. / III. inf.) — base stem: ms, geminated stem: mss
infinitival forms imperative
infinitive negatival complement complementary infinitive1 singular plural
mst, msj
 msw, ms
 mst, mswt, msyt
 ms
 ms, msy
‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem periphrastic imperfective2 periphrastic prospective2
ms8, mss8
 ḥr mst, ḥr msj
 m mst, m msj
 r mst, r msj
suffix conjugation
aspect / mood active passive contingent
aspect / mood active passive
perfect ms.n
 msw, ms, msy
 consecutive ms.jn
 active + .tj1, .tw2
active + .tj1, .tw2
terminative mst, msyt
perfective3 ms
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 obligative1 ms.ḫr
 active + .tj1, .tw2
imperfective ms, msy
 active + .tj1, .tw2
prospective3 msw, ms, msy
 msw, ms, msy
 potentialis1 ms.kꜣ
 active + .tj1, .tw2
active + .tj1, .tw2
subjunctive ms, msy
 active + .tj1, .tw2
verbal adjectives
aspect / mood relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms participles
active passive active passive
perfect ms.n
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 — —
perfective msw1, msy, ms
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 ms
 msy, ms
imperfective mss, mssy, mssw5
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 mss, mssj6, mssy6
 mss, mssw5
prospective msw1, msy, ms, mstj7
 — mswtj1 4, mstj4, mst4
  1. Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
  2. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
  3. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
  4. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn.
  5. Only in the masculine singular.
  6. Only in the masculine.
  7. Only in the feminine.
  8. Third-person masculine statives of this class often have a final -y instead of the expected stative ending.

Alternative forms
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of msj  
ms
msms
B3
mssB3
mssZ5
mssA17
msj msj msj msj msj msj
[Old Kingdom] [Old Kingdom] [since the Old Kingdom] [since the Middle Kingdom] [since the end of the New Kingdom]
usual Old Kingdom form occasional rare in hieratic

Derived terms

Descendants
  • Bohairic Coptic: ⲙⲓⲥⲓ (misi)
  • Sahidic Coptic: ⲙⲓⲥⲉ (mise)

See also

References
  • Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1926–1961) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN
  • James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 280.
  1. de Buck, Adriaan (1954) The Egyptian Coffin Texts, volume II, page 225 b–e
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