msḏj

Egyptian

Pronunciation
 
  • (reconstructed) IPA(key): /ˈmascʼaj/ → /ˈmastʼaj/ → /ˈmastʼə/ → /ˈmastʼə/

Verb
mssDA2

 4ae inf.

  1. (transitive) to hate, to strongly dislike
  2. (transitive) to show a strong aversion to (regardless of one's internal emotions); to shun or scorn
  3. (transitive) to rebuke, to show one’s dissatisfaction with (someone)
  4. (transitive) to not want

Inflection
Conjugation of msḏj (fourth weak / 4ae inf. / IV. inf.) — base stem: msḏ, geminated stem: msḏḏ
infinitival forms imperative
infinitive negatival complement complementary infinitive1 singular plural
msḏ
 msḏw, msḏyw, msḏ
 msḏt, msḏwt, msḏyt
 msḏ
 msḏ, msḏy
‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem periphrastic imperfective2 periphrastic prospective2
msḏ8
 ḥr msḏ
 m msḏ
 r msḏ
suffix conjugation
aspect / mood active passive contingent
aspect / mood active passive
perfect msḏ.n
 msḏw, msḏ, msḏy
 consecutive msḏ.jn
 active + .tj1, .tw2
active + .tj1, .tw2
terminative msḏt
perfective3 msḏ
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 obligative1 msḏ.ḫr
 active + .tj1, .tw2
imperfective msḏ, msḏy
 active + .tj1, .tw2
prospective3 msḏw, msḏ, msḏy
 msḏḏ
 potentialis1 msḏ.kꜣ
 active + .tj1, .tw2
active + .tj1, .tw2
subjunctive msḏ, msḏy
 active + .tj1, .tw2
verbal adjectives
aspect / mood relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms participles
active passive active passive
perfect msḏ.n
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 — —
perfective msḏw1, msḏy, msḏ
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 msḏ
 msḏy, msḏ
imperfective msḏḏ, msḏḏy, msḏḏw5
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 msḏḏ, msḏḏj6, msḏḏy6
 msḏḏ, msḏḏw5
prospective msḏw1, msḏy, msḏ, msḏtj7
 — msḏwtj1 4, msḏtj4, msḏt4
  1. Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
  2. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
  3. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
  4. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn.
  5. Only in the masculine singular
  6. Only in the masculine.
  7. Only in the feminine.
  8. Third-person masculine statives of this class often have a final -y instead of the expected stative ending.

Alternative forms
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of msḏj  
msD
smD
msD
mssD
msDA2
mssDA2
mssd
nDs
mssdA2
msḏj msḏj msḏj msḏj msḏj msḏj msḏj msḏj
[Old Kingdom] [Old Kingdom] [Old to Middle Kingdom] [Old to Middle Kingdom] [Middle Kingdom] [Middle Kingdom] [since the Middle Kingdom] [since the Middle Kingdom]

Derived terms

Descendants
  • Demotic: mst
    • Akhmimic Coptic: ⲙⲁⲥⲧⲉ (maste)
    • Bohairic Coptic: ⲙⲟⲥϯ (mosti)
    • Fayyumic Coptic: ⲙⲁⲥϯ (masti)
    • Sahidic Coptic: ⲙⲟⲥⲧⲉ (moste)

References
  • “msḏi̯ (lemma ID 76210)”, in Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae‎, Corpus issue 17, Web app version 2.01 edition, Tonio Sebastian Richter & Daniel A. Werning by order of the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften and Hans-Werner Fischer-Elfert & Peter Dils by order of the Sächsische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig, 2004–15 December 2022
  • Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1928) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎, volume 2, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 154.1–154.9
  • Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 118
  • James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 157.
  1. Allen, James (2013) The Ancient Egyptian Language: An Historical Study, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 24
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