kyrpä
Finnish
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *kürpä (compare Estonian kürb, Ingrian kyrpä, Karelian kyrpä, Ludian kürb, Votic tšürpä (Pummala)). The word is first attested in the writings of Christfrid Ganander in 1786,[1] with its first appearance in a dictionary dating back to 1848.[2] The word is sometimes said to have originally referred to a lone, tall pine tree, or alternately a strong branch on a pine top, such as formed when the top was damaged but remained attached, and a side branch started growing upward at the spot. In light of the notes above, this appears to be an urban legend; it is more likely that the pine-related usage is a later development than the sexually related one.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈkyrpæ/, [ˈk̟yrpæ]
- Rhymes: -yrpæ
- Syllabification(key): kyr‧pä
Noun
kyrpä (vulgar)
Declension
| Inflection of kyrpä (Kotus type 10*E/koira, p-v gradation) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | kyrpä | kyrvät | ||
| genitive | kyrvän | kyrpien | ||
| partitive | kyrpää | kyrpiä | ||
| illative | kyrpään | kyrpiin | ||
| singular | plural | |||
| nominative | kyrpä | kyrvät | ||
| accusative | nom. | kyrpä | kyrvät | |
| gen. | kyrvän | |||
| genitive | kyrvän | kyrpien kyrpäinrare | ||
| partitive | kyrpää | kyrpiä | ||
| inessive | kyrvässä | kyrvissä | ||
| elative | kyrvästä | kyrvistä | ||
| illative | kyrpään | kyrpiin | ||
| adessive | kyrvällä | kyrvillä | ||
| ablative | kyrvältä | kyrviltä | ||
| allative | kyrvälle | kyrville | ||
| essive | kyrpänä | kyrpinä | ||
| translative | kyrväksi | kyrviksi | ||
| abessive | kyrvättä | kyrvittä | ||
| instructive | — | kyrvin | ||
| comitative | See the possessive forms below. | |||
| Possessive forms of kyrpä (Kotus type 10*E/koira, p-v gradation) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Synonyms
References
- Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The origin of Finnish words] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN
- Johan Fredrik Wallin. Suomen- Wenäjän- ja Ruotsin-kielinen Sana-kirja ("Finnish-Russian-Swedish Dictionary", 1848), p. 360, printed in Hämeenlinna by S. Nordenswan
Further reading
- “kyrpä”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-01
Ingrian
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *kürpä. Cognates include Finnish kyrpä and Estonian kürb.
Pronunciation
- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈkyrpæ/, [ˈkyrp]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈkyrpæ/, [ˈkyrb̥æ]
- Rhymes: -yrp, -yrpæ
- Hyphenation: kyr‧pä
Declension
| Declension of kyrpä (type 3/koira, p-v gradation) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | kyrpä | kyrvät |
| genitive | kyrvän | kyrpiin |
| partitive | kyrpää | kyrpiä |
| illative | kyrpää | kyrpii |
| inessive | kyrvääs | kyrviis |
| elative | kyrväst | kyrvist |
| allative | kyrvälle | kyrville |
| adessive | kyrvääl | kyrviil |
| ablative | kyrvält | kyrvilt |
| translative | kyrväks | kyrviks |
| essive | kyrpännä, kyrpään | kyrpinnä, kyrpiin |
| exessive1) | kyrpänt | kyrpint |
| 1) obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive. | ||
References
- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 232
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