kena
English
Pronunciation
Verb
kena (indeclinable)
- To experience, receive, suffer, get or be affected by (something negative).
- Synonym: got
- He kena fine $10.
- (auxiliary) Used before a verb to indicate the adversative passive voice.
- Synonym: got
- My job application kena rejected.
See also
- tio (Singlish, not exclusively negative in connotation)
Estonian
Declension
| Declension of kena (ÕS type 17i/pesa, no gradation) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | kena | kenad | |
| accusative | nom. | ||
| gen. | kena | ||
| genitive | kenade | ||
| partitive | kena | keni kenasid | |
| illative | kenna kenasse |
kenadesse kenisse | |
| inessive | kenas | kenades kenis | |
| elative | kenast | kenadest kenist | |
| allative | kenale | kenadele kenile | |
| adessive | kenal | kenadel kenil | |
| ablative | kenalt | kenadelt kenilt | |
| translative | kenaks | kenadeks keniks | |
| terminative | kenani | kenadeni | |
| essive | kenana | kenadena | |
| abessive | kenata | kenadeta | |
| comitative | kenaga | kenadega | |
Descendants
- → Ingrian: kena
Indonesian
Etymology
Inherited from Malay kena, from Old Malay knā, from Proto-Austronesian *keNa (“be ensnared, caught in a trap; suffer, undergo, be struck by something; be entrapped or deceived; hit the mark, be ‘on target’, correct, right, true”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [kəˈna]
- Hyphenation: kê‧na
Verb
kena (base)
Conjugation
| Conjugation of kena (meng-, intransitive) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Root | kena | ||||
| Active | Involuntary / Perfective |
Passive | Basic / Imperative |
Jussive | |
| Active | mengena | terkena | dikena | kena | kenalah |
| Locative | mengenai | terkenai | dikenai | kenai | kenailah |
| Causative / Applicative1 | mengenakan | terkenakan | dikenakan | kenakan | kenakanlah |
| Causative | |||||
| Active | memperkena | terperkena | diperkena | perkena | perkenalah |
| Locative | memperkenai | terperkenai | diperkenai | perkenai | perkenailah |
| Causative / Applicative1 | memperkenakan | terperkenakan | diperkenakan | perkenakan | perkenakanlah |
| 1The -kan row is either causative or applicative, with transitive roots it mostly has applicative meaning. Notes: Some of these forms do normally not exist or are rarely used in standard Indonesian. Some forms may also change meaning. | |||||
Derived terms
- berkena
- berkena-kenaan
- berkenaan
- kena-mengena
- mengena
- mengenai
- mengenakan
- pengenaan
- perkenaan
- sekenanya
- terkena
- kena andika
- kena apa
- kena badan
- kena cedera
- kena dakwa
- kena emas
- kena hama
- kena hati
- kena hukum
- kena jaring
- kena lotre
- kena pukul
- kena sakal
- kena sembur
Further reading
- “kena” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
Ingrian
Pronunciation
- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈkenɑ/, [ˈke̞nɑ]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈkenɑ/, [ˈke̞nɑ]
- Rhymes: -enɑ
- Hyphenation: ke‧na
Declension
| Declension of kena (type 3/kana, no gradation, gemination) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | kena | kenat |
| genitive | kenan | kennoin |
| partitive | kennaa | kenoja |
| illative | kennaa | kennoi |
| inessive | kenas | kenois |
| elative | kenast | kenoist |
| allative | kenalle | kenoille |
| adessive | kenal | kenoil |
| ablative | kenalt | kenoilt |
| translative | kenaks | kenoiks |
| essive | kenanna, kennaan | kenoinna, kennoin |
| exessive1) | kenant | kenoint |
| 1) obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive. | ||
Synonyms
- (beautiful): See Thesaurus:käppiä
References
- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 153
Javanese
Kikuyu
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /kɛna/
References
- Armstrong, Lilias E. (1940). The Phonetic and Tonal Structure of Kikuyu, p. 362. Rep. 1967. (Also in 2018 by Routledge).
- “kena” in Benson, T.G. (1964). Kikuyu-English dictionary. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Anagrams
Malay
Alternative forms
- kene (slang, informal)
Etymology
From Old Malay knā, from Proto-Austronesian *keNa (“be ensnared, caught in a trap; suffer, undergo, be struck by something; be entrapped or deceived; hit the mark, be ‘on target’, correct, right, true”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /kəna/
- Rhymes: -əna, -na, -a
- (Johor-Riau) IPA(key): [kənə]
Verb
kena (Jawi spelling کنا)
Derived terms
Regular affixed derivations:
- kenaan [repetition / reciprocity] (-an)
- berkenaan [stative / habitual + repetition / reciprocity] (beR- + -an)
- mengenakan [agent focus + causative benefactive] (meN- + -kan)
- dikenakan [patient focus + causative benefactive] (di- + -kan)
- terkena [agentless action] (teR-)
Irregular affixed derivations, other derivations and compound words:
- kenapa (“why”)
- kena-mengena
Further reading
- “kena” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
- Austronesian Comparative Dictionary -*keNa
Marshallese
Etymology
Borrowed from English Gehenna, from ecclesiastical Latin gehenna, from Ancient Greek γέεννα (géenna), from Hebrew גֵּיהִנּוֹם (ge'henom, “hell”, literally “valley of Hinnom”).
Pronunciation
References
Pali
Alternative forms
- 𑀓𑁂𑀦 (Brahmi script)
- केन (Devanagari script)
- কেন (Bengali script)
- කෙන (Sinhalese script)
- ကေန or ၵေၼ (Burmese script)
- เกน or เกนะ (Thai script)
- ᨠᩮᨶ (Tai Tham script)
- ເກນ or ເກນະ (Lao script)
- កេន (Khmer script)
- 𑄇𑄬𑄚 (Chakma script)