galvaniser
English
French
Etymology
Named after Italian physiologist Luigi Aloisio Galvani (1737–1798).
Pronunciation
Audio (file)
Conjugation
Conjugation of galvaniser (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | galvaniser | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | galvanisant /ɡal.va.ni.zɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | galvanisé /ɡal.va.ni.ze/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | galvanise /ɡal.va.niz/ |
galvanises /ɡal.va.niz/ |
galvanise /ɡal.va.niz/ |
galvanisons /ɡal.va.ni.zɔ̃/ |
galvanisez /ɡal.va.ni.ze/ |
galvanisent /ɡal.va.niz/ |
| imperfect | galvanisais /ɡal.va.ni.zɛ/ |
galvanisais /ɡal.va.ni.zɛ/ |
galvanisait /ɡal.va.ni.zɛ/ |
galvanisions /ɡal.va.ni.zjɔ̃/ |
galvanisiez /ɡal.va.ni.zje/ |
galvanisaient /ɡal.va.ni.zɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | galvanisai /ɡal.va.ni.ze/ |
galvanisas /ɡal.va.ni.za/ |
galvanisa /ɡal.va.ni.za/ |
galvanisâmes /ɡal.va.ni.zam/ |
galvanisâtes /ɡal.va.ni.zat/ |
galvanisèrent /ɡal.va.ni.zɛʁ/ | |
| future | galvaniserai /ɡal.va.niz.ʁe/ |
galvaniseras /ɡal.va.niz.ʁa/ |
galvanisera /ɡal.va.niz.ʁa/ |
galvaniserons /ɡal.va.niz.ʁɔ̃/ |
galvaniserez /ɡal.va.niz.ʁe/ |
galvaniseront /ɡal.va.niz.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | galvaniserais /ɡal.va.niz.ʁɛ/ |
galvaniserais /ɡal.va.niz.ʁɛ/ |
galvaniserait /ɡal.va.niz.ʁɛ/ |
galvaniserions /ɡal.va.ni.zə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
galvaniseriez /ɡal.va.ni.zə.ʁje/ |
galvaniseraient /ɡal.va.niz.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | galvanise /ɡal.va.niz/ |
galvanises /ɡal.va.niz/ |
galvanise /ɡal.va.niz/ |
galvanisions /ɡal.va.ni.zjɔ̃/ |
galvanisiez /ɡal.va.ni.zje/ |
galvanisent /ɡal.va.niz/ |
| imperfect2 | galvanisasse /ɡal.va.ni.zas/ |
galvanisasses /ɡal.va.ni.zas/ |
galvanisât /ɡal.va.ni.za/ |
galvanisassions /ɡal.va.ni.za.sjɔ̃/ |
galvanisassiez /ɡal.va.ni.za.sje/ |
galvanisassent /ɡal.va.ni.zas/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | galvanise /ɡal.va.niz/ |
— | galvanisons /ɡal.va.ni.zɔ̃/ |
galvanisez /ɡal.va.ni.ze/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Further reading
- “galvaniser”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
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