cynorthwyo

Welsh

Etymology

From cynhorthwy (“help, aid, assistance”) +‎ -o.

Pronunciation

Verb

cynorthwyo (first-person singular present cynorthwyaf)

  1. to help, to aid, to assist
    Synonym: helpu

Conjugation
Conjugation (literary)
singular plural impersonal
first second third first second third
present indicative/future cynorthwyaf cynorthwyi cynorthwya cynorthwywn cynorthwywch cynorthwyant cynorthwyir
imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/
conditional		 cynorthwywn cynorthwyit cynorthwyai cynorthwyem cynorthwyech cynorthwyent cynorthwyid
preterite cynorthwyais cynorthwyaist cynorthwyodd cynorthwyasom cynorthwyasoch cynorthwyasant cynorthwywyd
pluperfect cynorthwyaswn cynorthwyasit cynorthwyasai cynorthwyasem cynorthwyasech cynorthwyasent cynorthwyasid, cynorthwyesid
present subjunctive cynorthwywyf cynorthwyych cynorthwyo cynorthwyom cynorthwyoch cynorthwyont cynorthwyer
imperative — cynorthwya cynorthwyed cynorthwywn cynorthwywch cynorthwyent cynorthwyer
verbal noun cynorthwyo
verbal adjectives cynorthwyedig
cynorthwyadwy
Conjugation (colloquial)
Inflected colloquial forms singular plural
first second third first second third
future cynorthwya i, cynorthwyaf i cynorthwyi di cynorthwyith o/e/hi, cynorthwyiff e/hi cynorthwywn ni cynorthwywch chi cynorthwyan nhw
conditional cynorthwywn i, cynorthwyswn i cynorthwyet ti, cynorthwyset ti cynorthwyai fo/fe/hi, cynorthwysai fo/fe/hi cynorthwyen ni, cynorthwysen ni cynorthwyech chi, cynorthwysech chi cynorthwyen nhw, cynorthwysen nhw
preterite cynorthwyais i, cynorthwyes i cynorthwyaist ti, cynorthwyest ti cynorthwyodd o/e/hi cynorthwyon ni cynorthwyoch chi cynorthwyon nhw
imperative — cynorthwya — — cynorthwywch —
Note: All other forms are periphrastic, as usual in colloquial Welsh.

Derived terms

Mutation
Welsh mutation
radical soft nasal aspirate
cynorthwyo gynorthwyo nghynorthwyo chynorthwyo
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading
  • R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “cynorthwyo”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
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