abhainn
Irish
Etymology
From Old Irish aub, from Proto-Celtic *abū (compare Welsh afon), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ep- (“water”).[2] The form abhainn was originally the dative singular of abha, but is now widely used as the nominative as well.
Pronunciation
Noun
abhainn f (genitive singular abhann or aibhne, nominative plural aibhneacha or aibhne)
- river
- Níl aon abhainn san oileán.
- There’s no river on the island.
- Dá dtéiteá go Gaillimh inné, d’fhéadfá a dhul isteach an abhainn go réidh, mar nach raibh aon tsruth mór.
- If you had gone to Galway yesterday, you would have easily been able to go up the river, since there wasn’t a very strong current.
- Bhí an abhainn reoite.
- The river was frozen.
- bruach na haibhne ― the riverbank
- Bhí na haibhneacha uilig reoite.
- All the rivers were frozen.
- Dhá mbeadh an t-airgead againn, ghabhfadh muid do haibhneacha Chill Airne.
- If we had the money, we would go to the rivers of Killarney.
Declension
- Standard
Declension of abhainn
Fifth declension
|
Bare forms
|
Forms with the definite article
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- Nonstandard
Declension of abhainn
Second declension
|
Bare forms
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Forms with the definite article
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- Variant genitive singular: abhainne, abhna
- Variant plural forms: abhanta, aibhnte, aibhnteacha
Derived terms
- abhantrach (“river basin”)
- craobh-abhainn (“affluent, tributary”)
- fo-abhainn (“affluent, tributary”)
- tréig-abhainn (“distributary”)
Mutation
| Irish mutation | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Radical | Eclipsis | with h-prothesis | with t-prothesis |
| abhainn | n-abhainn | habhainn | not applicable |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | |||
References
- Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904) “aḃa”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 2
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “1 ab”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, § 195, page 98
- Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, § 40, page 18
Further reading
- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “abhainn”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
- Entries containing “abhainn” in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm, 1959, by Tomás de Bhaldraithe.
- Entries containing “abhainn” in New English-Irish Dictionary by Foras na Gaeilge.
Scottish Gaelic
Etymology
From Old Irish aub, from Proto-Celtic *abū (compare Welsh afon), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ep- (“water”). The form abhainn was originally the dative singular of abha, but is now widely used as the nominative/accusative as well.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈa.wɪɲ/, /ˈa.ɪɲ/
- (Lewis, Harris, West Sutherland, Arran) IPA(key): [ˈavɪɲ]
- (Tiree) IPA(key): [ˈaʔʊɲ]
- (Islay) IPA(key): [ˈoʔʊɲ]
Mutation
| Scottish Gaelic mutation | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Radical | Eclipsis | with h-prothesis | with t-prothesis |
| abhainn | n-abhainn | h-abhainn | t-abhainn |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | |||
See also
Further reading
- Edward Dwelly (1911) “abhainn”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary], 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “1 ab”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
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