Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/jār

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *jērą.

Noun

*jār n[1]

year
(good) harvest

Inflection

Neuter a-stem
	Singular
Nominative	*jār
Genitive	*jāras
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	*jār	*jāru
Accusative	*jār	*jāru
Genitive	*jāras	*jārō
Dative	*jārē	*jārum
Instrumental	*jāru	*jārum

Descendants

Old English: ġēar, ġǣr, ġēr
- Middle English: yeer, here, yere, ȝere
  - English: year
  - Scots: year
Old Frisian: jēr, jār, iēr
- North Frisian: juar, jäär, iir
- Saterland Frisian: Jíer
- West Frisian: jier
Old Saxon: jār, gēr
- Middle Low German: jâr, jaer
  - German Low German: Jåhr, Jahr, Johr
  - Plautdietsch: Joa
Old Dutch: jār
- Middle Dutch: jâer
  - Dutch: jaar
    - Afrikaans: jaar
    - Berbice Creole Dutch: jari
    - Jersey Dutch: jâr
    - Negerhollands: jaer, jaar, yer
    - → Aukan: yali
    - → Sranan Tongo: yari
      - → Caribbean Javanese: yari
      - → Saramaccan: jáa
  - Limburgish: jaor
  - West Flemish: joar
  - Zealandic: jaer, jaor
Old High German: jār
- Middle High German: jār
  - Alemannic German: Jòòr, Jààr
  - Bavarian: Jåhr
    Cimbrian: jaar, djar
    Mòcheno: jor
  - Central Franconian: Johr
    Hunsrik: Joher
    Luxembourgish: Joer
  - German: Jahr
  - Rhine Franconian:
    Pennsylvania German: Johr, Yaahr
  - Swabian: Joar, Johr
    Sathmar Swabian: Johr
  - Vilamovian: jür
  - Yiddish: יאָר (yor)

References

Ringe, Donald, Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 150: “PWGmc *jār”

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[1] Ringe, Donald, Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 150: “PWGmc *jār”