< Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/bōnijan
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This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-West Germanic
Inflection
| Class 1 weak | ||
|---|---|---|
| Infinitive | *bōnijan | |
| 1st sg. past | *bōnidā | |
| Infinitive | *bōnijan | |
| Genitive infin. | *bōnijannjas | |
| Dative infin. | *bōnijannjē | |
| Instrum. infin. | *bōnijannju | |
| Indicative | Present | Past |
| 1st singular | *bōniju | *bōnidā |
| 2nd singular | *bōnisi | *bōnidēs, *bōnidōs |
| 3rd singular | *bōniþi | *bōnidē, *bōnidā |
| 1st plural | *bōnijum | *bōnidum |
| 2nd plural | *bōniþ | *bōnidud |
| 3rd plural | *bōnijanþ | *bōnidun |
| Subjunctive | Present | Past |
| 1st singular | *bōnijē | *bōnidī |
| 2nd singular | *bōnijēs | *bōnidī |
| 3rd singular | *bōnijē | *bōnidī |
| 1st plural | *bōnijēm | *bōnidīm |
| 2nd plural | *bōnijēþ | *bōnidīd |
| 3rd plural | *bōnijēn | *bōnidīn |
| Imperative | Present | |
| Singular | *bōni | |
| Plural | *bōniþ | |
| Present | Past | |
| Participle | *bōnijandī | *bōnid |
Related terms
Descendants
- Old Frisian: *bēna
- West Frisian: biene, bjinne, binzgje
- Old Saxon: *bōnian
- Old Dutch: *buonen
- Old High German: *buonen
- Middle High German: büenen
References
- Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*bōnjan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 72
- de Vries, Jan (1971) “boenen”, in Nederlands etymologisch woordenboek [Dutch etymological dictionary] (in Dutch), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN: “westgerm. *bōnōn, bōnian ‘glanzend maken’”
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