Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/sāŕ

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Etymology 1

Compared to Proto-Mongolic *sïraxu (“earth”). (Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?)

Noun

*sāŕ

marsh, dirt

Declension

Declension of *sāŕ

	Singular ³⁾
Nominative	*sāŕ
Accusative	sāŕnï, sāŕïg ⁴⁾, *sāŕnïg ¹⁾
Genitive	*sāŕnïŋ
Dative	*sāŕka
Locative	*sāŕta
Ablative	*sāŕtan
Allative	*sāŕgaru
Instrumental ²⁾	*sāŕïn
Equative ²⁾	*sāŕča
Similative ²⁾	*sāŕlayu
Comitative ²⁾	*sāŕlïgu

¹⁾ Possibly in Pre-Proto-Turkic.
²⁾ The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
³⁾ Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.
⁴⁾ Found in the Old Turkic era.

Derived terms

*siāŕlïk (“swamp, muddy place”)
*siāŕgan (“carp; dragon”)

Descendants

Oghur:
- Chuvash: шур (šur)
- → Hungarian: sár
Common Turkic:

Oghuz: (“reed”)
- Old Anatolian Turkish:
  - Azerbaijani: saz (“reed”)
  - Ottoman Turkish: صاز (saz)
    - Turkish: saz (“reed”), sazlık (“reed growth”)
    - Gagauz: saaz (“reed”)
- Turkmen: sāz, sāzlyk (“reed growth”)
Karluk:
- Uzbek: soz
- Uyghur: ساز (saz)
Kipchak:
- North Kipchak:
  - Bashkir: [script needed] (haδ)
  - Tatar: саз (saz)
- South Kipchak:
  - Caspian:
    - Kazakh: саз (saz)
    - Nogai: саз (saz)
  - Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
    - Southern Altai: сас (sas)
Siberian:
- South Siberian:
  - Yenisei:
    - Khakas: сас (sas)

Etymology 2

Alternative reconstruction of Proto-Turkic *siaŕ (“white, yellowish white”). Doublet of Proto-Turkic *siarïg.

Noun

*sāŕ

white, yellowish white

References

Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*si̯ā̀jri”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*si̯ắŕi”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill

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