< Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic

Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/āy

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Noun

*āy

  1. (astronomy) moon
  2. (time) month

Declension
Declension of *āy
Singular 3)
Nominative *āy
Accusative *āynï, *āyïg 4), *āynïg 1)
Genitive *āynïŋ
Dative *āyka
Locative *āyda
Ablative *āydan
Allative *āygaru
Instrumental 2) *āyïn
Equative 2) *āyča
Similative 2) *āylayu
Comitative 2) *āylïgu
1) Possibly in Pre-Proto-Turkic.
2) The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
3) Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.
4) Found in the Old Turkic era.

Descendants
  • Oghur:
    • Volga Bulgar: اَيخِ (ayxı, “month (determined)”), ايخ (ayıx, “month”) (< *āy-ïk)
  • Common Turkic: *ay
  • Arghu:
  • Oghuz:
    • Old Anatolian Turkish:
      • Azerbaijani: ay
      • Ottoman Turkish: آی
        • Gagauz: ay
        • Turkish: ay
    • Salar: ay
    • Turkmen: āý
  • Karluk:
  • Kypchak:
    • North Kipchak:
    • West Kipchak:
      • Crimean Tatar: ay
      • Karachay-Balkar: ай (ay)
      • Karaim: aj
      • Kumyk: ай (ay)
    • Kypchak-Nogai:
    • Kyrgyz–Kipchak
      • Kyrgyz: ай (ay)
      • Southern Altai: ай (ay)
  • Siberian:
    • Old Turkic: 𐰖 (y¹ /⁠ay⁠/)
      • Old Uyghur:
        • Western Yugur: ay
    • North Siberian:
    • South Siberian:

References
  1. al-Kashgarî, Mahmud (1072–1074) Besim Atalay, transl., Divanü Lûgat-it-Türk Tercümesi [Translation of the “Compendium of the languages of the Turks”] (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 521) (in Turkish), 1985 edition, volume I, Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurmu Basımevi, published 1939–1943, page 82
  • Clauson, Gerard (1972) “”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 265
  • al-Kashgarî, Mahmud (1072–1074) Besim Atalay, transl., Divanü Lûgat-it-Türk Tercümesi [Translation of the “Compendium of the languages of the Turks”] (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 521) (in Turkish), 1985 edition, Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurmu Basımevi, published 1939–1943
  • Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “ay”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
  • Räsänen, Martti (1969) Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura, page 10
  • Sevortjan, E. V. (1974) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ tjurkskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Turkic Languages] (in Russian), volume I, Moscow: Nauka, pages 98-99
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