Reconstruction:Proto-Tungusic/akin

This Proto-Tungusic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Tungusic

Alternative Reconstructions

*akun

Etymology

From *a- +‎ *-kin. Similarities with Turkic languages (Kyrgyz ага (aga, “elder brother”) etc.) have to be coincidence since they have different etymology.

Noun

*akin

elder brother

Declension

Declension of *akin

	Singular
Nominative	*akin
Accusative	*akinba
Genitive	*akinŋī
Dative	*akindua
Locative	*akinla
Ablative	*akindiki
Prolative	*akinli
Elative	*akingiʒi
Instrumental	*akinʒi
Delative	*akinlāki
Directive	*akintiki
Comitative	*akingili

Descendants

Jurchenic:
- Jurchen: 阿洪 (ahun /⁠a-hung⁠/)
  - Manchu: ᠠᡥᡡᠨ (ahūn)
Tungusic:
- North Tungusic:
  - Even: акан (akan)
  - Evenki: акин (akin)
  - Negidal: ахин (axin), ага (aga)
  - Oroqen: akɪn
- South Tungusic:
  - Central:
    - Oroch: ака (aka), акин (akin)
    - Udihe: аг’а (aˀa)
  - South-Eastern:
    - Nanai: ага (aga)
    - Orok: ага (aga)
    - Ulch: ага (aga)
→ Nivkh: акан (akan), аки (aki)

References

Benzing, Johannes (1955) Die tungusischen Sprachen. Versuch einer vergleichenden Grammatik (Abhandlungen der Geistes- und Sozialwissenschaftlichen Klasse; 11) (in German), Wiesbaden: Verlag der Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur in Mainz in Kommission bei Franz Steiner Verlag, page 67
Cincius, V. I. (1975) Сравнительный словарь тунгусо-маньчжурских языков [Comparative Dictionary of Tungus-Manchu Languages] (in Russian), volume 1, Leningrad: Nauka, pages 23-24
Kane, Daniel (1989) The Sino-Jurchen Vocabulary of the Bureau of Interpreters (Uralic and Altaic Series; vol. 153), Bloomington, Indiana: Research Institute for Inner Asian Studies, Indiana University, →ISBN, page 277.

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