Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/polšiti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Per Derksen, unclear; possibly related to Ancient Greek πάλλω (pállō, “to sway, to swing”), from Proto-Indo-European *pelh₁-; compare Homeric παλλομένη κραδίην (palloménē kradíēn, “with pounding heart”). Also unclear is the origin of the underlying *x < Proto-Indo-European *s.

Verb

*polšiti

to scare

Inflection

Conjugation of *polšiti, *polši, *polšitь (?, -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)

Suffix: *-iti
― iterative (*nositi⇐*nesti)
― causative (*pojiti⇐*piti)
― ...

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*polšenьje	*polšiti	*polšitъ	*polšilъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*polšenъ	*polšimъ
Active	*polšь	*polšę

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*polšixъ	*polši	*polši	*polšǫ	*polšiši	*polšitь
Dual	*polšixově	*polšista	*polšiste	*polšivě	*polšita	*polšite
Plural	*polšixomъ	*polšiste	*polšišę	*polšimъ	*polšite	*polšętь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*polšaaxъ	*polšaaše	*polšaaše	—	*polši	*polši
Dual	*polšaaxově	*polšaašeta	*polšaašete	*polšivě	*polšita	—
Plural	*polšaaxomъ	*polšaašete	*polšaaxǫ	*polšimъ	*polšite	—

(*)*polšivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle

Related terms

*polxъ (“fear”)
*pòlxъ (“shy, timid”)

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: полошити (pološiti)
  - Belarusian: палашы́ць (palašýcʹ)
  - Russian: полоши́ть (pološítʹ); archaic поло́шить (polóšitʹ), 3sg. поло́шит (polóšit)
  - Ukrainian: полоши́ти (pološýty)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  Old Cyrillic script: плашити (plašiti)
  
  Glagolitic script: ⱂⰾⰰⱎⰻⱅⰻ (plašiti)
- Bulgarian: пла́ша (pláša)
- Macedonian: плаши (plaši)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: пла̏шити
  
  Latin: plȁšiti
- Slovene: plášiti (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: plašiti
  - Czech: plašit
- Polish: płoszyć
- Sorbian:
  - Upper Sorbian: płóšić
  - Lower Sorbian: płošyś

References

Derksen, Rick (2008) “*polšiti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 411
Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “полоши́ть”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress

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